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HomeMy WebLinkAbout4/18/2018 - STAFF REPORTS aO,QALMSA� iy ti � u a A 1 • yco OAOAAtO C'411FORN"P CITY COUNCIL STAFF REPORT DATE: April 18, 2018 PUBLIC HEARING SUBJECT: AN AMENDMENT TO THE CLASS 1 HISTORIC SITE DESIGNATION OF "THE OASIS HOTEL" TO LIST THE OASIS HOTEL DINING HALL LOCATED AT 211- 219 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AND THE COMMERCIAL STOREFRONT AND CASITA BUILDINGS LOCATED AT 121 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AS CONTRIBUTING ELEMENTS; DESIGNED BY MASTER ARCHITECT LLOYD WRIGHT; ZONE CBD, (CASE HSPB #10 AMND). FROM: Department of Planning Services SUMMARY This is a recommendation by the HSPB to amend the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel (HSPB #10) to list the storefront building and the surviving casita building as integral elements that contribute to its historic significance and to add the dining hall at the Village Green to the Class 1 designation. The Oasis Hotel was designed by master architect Lloyd Wright in 1923 for Palm Springs pioneer Pearl McManus. Completed in 1925, it is recognized by many architectural historians as one of the most important works of early modernist architecture in the state of California. In 1952, learning of the intent of the new owners of the Oasis Hotel to demolish the northerly portion of the hotel, Pearl McManus had the McCallum Adobe and the Wright-designed dining hall moved to property she owned south of the hotel that is now the Village Green Park. In 1985, the City Council granted "Class 7" (now Class 1) historic site designation to the Oasis Hotel, however the designation focused only on the tower and the two-story building to which it is attached. The 1985 staff report noted the commercial storefronts, and casita building — both integral components of the Wright-designed hotel — had been "significantly altered", however no analysis was provided to substantiate that assertion. The dining hall was also not given consideration or evaluation at that time. In 2016, as part of its annual work plan, the City's Historic Site Preservation Board ("HSPB") initiated study on the Oasis Hotel to determine whether the Class 1 designation for the Oasis Hotel should be amended to recognize the storefront, casita building, and dining hall as "contributing" to the historic significance and public understanding of the Oasis Hotel. nr:M NO. a' V • ��PALAgSp� i2 ti C V UQ n+° t 4RORRTRO CITY COUNCIL STAFF REPORT DATE: April 18, 2018 PUBLIC HEARING SUBJECT: AN AMENDMENT TO THE CLASS 1 HISTORIC SITE DESIGNATION OF "THE OASIS HOTEL" TO LIST THE OASIS HOTEL DINING HALL LOCATED AT 211- 219 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AND THE COMMERCIAL STOREFRONT AND CASITA BUILDINGS LOCATED AT 121 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AS CONTRIBUTING ELEMENTS; DESIGNED BY MASTER ARCHITECT LLOYD WRIGHT; ZONE CBD, (CASE HSPB #10 AMND). FROM: Department of Planning Services SUMMARY • This is a recommendation by the HSPB to amend the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel (HSPB #10) to list the storefront building and the surviving casita building as integral elements that contribute to its historic significance and to add the dining hall at the Village Green to the Class 1 designation. The Oasis Hotel was designed by master architect Lloyd Wright in 1923 for Palm Springs pioneer Pearl McManus. Completed in 1925, it is recognized by many architectural historians as one of the most important works of early modernist architecture in the state of California. In 1952, learning of the intent of the new owners of the Oasis Hotel to demolish the northerly portion of the hotel, Pearl McManus had the McCallum Adobe and the Wright-designed dining hall moved to property she owned south of the hotel that is now the Village Green Park. In 1985, the City Council granted "Class 7" (now Class 1) historic site designation to the Oasis Hotel, however the designation focused only on the tower and the two-story building to which it is attached. The 1985 staff report noted the commercial storefronts, and casita building — both integral components of the Wright-designed hotel — had been "significantly altered", however no analysis was provided to substantiate that assertion. The dining hall was also not given consideration or evaluation at that time. In 2016, as part of its annual work plan, the City's Historic Site Preservation Board ("HSPB") initiated study on the Oasis Hotel to determine whether the Class 1 designation for the Oasis • Hotel should be amended to recognize the storefront, casita building, and dining hall as "contributing" to the historic significance and public understanding of the Oasis Hotel. rMM NO. _ City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 2 of 18 RECOMMENDATION: 1. Open the public hearing and receive public testimony. 2. Close the public hearing and adopt Resolution ; "A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING THE CLASS 1 HISTORIC SITE DESIGNATION OF "THE OASIS HOTEL" TO LIST THE OASIS HOTEL DINING HALL LOCATED AT 211-219 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AND THE COMMERCIAL STOREFRONT AND CASITA BUILDINGS LOCATED AT 121 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AS CONTRIBUTING ELEMENTS; DESIGNED BY MASTER ARCHITECT LLOYD WRIGHT; (CASE HSPB #10 AMND) APN 513-143- 009, 513-143-008, AND 513-153-017, ZONES: CU (CIVIC USES) & CBD (CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT)." BACKGROUND AND SETTING: On October 6, 2016, the HSPB included the Oasis Hotel dining hall and storefront in its top six work plan priorities for the coming year. The Planning Services Department secured the professional consultant Architectural Resources Group ("ARG") to analyze the Oasis Hotel fragments to determine any possible historic significance. ARG conducted research including review of the Lloyd Wright archives at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). Their work is summarized in a report dated August 23, 2017 ("the ARG report"), attached. A previous historic resources report was written by architect Andrea Urbas in November 2004 as part of the CEQA analysis for a Conditional Use Permit for renovation of the Oasis Hotel for a restaurant'. That report addressed the hotel tower, commercial storefronts and casitas. A detailed discussion of the Oasis Hotel in the book "A Palm Springs Weekend" by architectural historian Alan Hess and Andrew Danish is also provided as reference for the analysis that follows. No formal survey or historic analysis was conducted as part of the 1985 Class 1 designation of the Oasis Hotel. In the 1923 site plan for the Oasis Hotel (shown on the following page), one can see the original McCallum adobe in the upper right corner (north is up on this site plan). That building was given Class 7 (now Class 1) designation in 1985. The dining hall (denoted by the grid of white square posts) was attached to back side of the adobe and connected by covered paseos to the hotel's tower and guest rooms to the south. The commercial storefronts, which still exist along Palm Canyon Drive, are at the lower right side of the site plan. The circles denote trees, including two cottonwood trees that, during the construction of the dining hall, were preserved in place and the dining hall was built around them (as seen in early photos). A fruit tree orchard is seen at the left (west) side of the site. The hotel was conceived as a carefully planned group of buildings that encircled the site and The project, Case 5.1076 CUP was approved but never developed and the entitlement expired. 02 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND— Oasis Hotel Page 3 of 18 provided a sense of refuge and protection from the surrounding open desert and harsh climate. The original plans by Lloyd Wright denote the name of the hotel as "The Hacienda"; referring to the early Spanish colonial building typology in which the buildings were constructed with thick adobe walls that typically surrounded a courtyard with generous covered paseos and open air passages connecting the various buildings or spaces. The Oasis Hotel was Lloyd Wright's modern interpretation of a colonial hacienda, with thick walls of poured concrete, and covered paseos. The Oasis Hotel was a combination of wood frame and reinforced poured concrete construction. Wright created a "campus" of separate buildings connected by the covered walkways and paseos. The dining hall, kitchen and McCallum adobe, formed the northwest part of the campus. The commercial storefronts and reception / office were located along the east side, fronting Palm Canyon Drive, and the hotel rooms were located along the south side of the courtyard. Covered porches and paseos from each side of the courtyard converge at the tower, which was the focal point of the campus. ADOBEEAST TAHQUITZ CANYON WAY ir McCALLUM DINING HALL LU TOWER CAS17A BUILDING I STOREFRONTS .- OASIS HOTEL SITE PLAN C 1923(courtesy of the Palm Springs Historical Society) 03 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND —Oasis Hotel Page 4 of 18 The only components of the Oasis Hotel that survive today are the tower, the storefronts, a portion of the casita/guest rooms, the dining hall, and the McCallum Adobe. THE CONTEMPORARY RENDERING BELOW BY JOHN ANTHONY RIVERA SHOWS THE MCCALLUM ADOBE AT THE FAR RIGHT, THE DINING HALL IS IN THE MIDDLE ATTACHED TO THE TOWER AND THE RECEPTION OFFICE AT THE LEFT IS WHERE THE OASIS COMMERCIAL BUILDING IS PRESENTLY LOCATED (VIEW LOOKING SOUTHEAST). lotµ '74 ;1 i As noted in the historic resources reports and other documentation on the Oasis Hotel, despite its current neglected state, it stands as one of the most important buildings in Palm Springs for the following reasons: 1. It is the only building in Palm Springs designed by master architect and landscape architect Lloyd Wright. 2. It demonstrates Wright's design theories on the integration of structure and architectural ornament as seen in the trusses of the dining hall roof and the geometric ornament cast into the concrete of the hotel tower. 3. It is an excellent example of Wright's "organic Modern architecture" incorporating design motifs inspired from indigenous Aztec and/or Mayan cultures of the region, rather than borrowing on classical revival styles from Europe.z 4. It is one of the earliest built examples of Wright's principals of integrating nature and architecture, in which his design responds to both the existing landscape and the intense climatic conditions of the desert — the Oasis Hotel precedes his father's application of organic Modern architectural principals in the Arizona desert at Taliesin West by at least fifteen years. 5. Its unique method of construction — that of slip-form poured-in-place reinforced concrete --was revolutionary at the time. 6. It is associated with Pearl McCallum McManus, an early pioneer, developer, and philanthropist, whose father, John Guthrie McCallum, was the first non-native settler in Palm Springs. '- Although frequently labeled "Art Deco", given Wright's career-long focus on developing a uniquely American style of architecture, his integration of local indigenous design motifs and resistance in adopting European styles, it is unlikely Wright would have considered the Oasis "Art Deco"; rather "Organic Modern" may be a more appropriate descriptor for the architectural style of the building. 04 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 5 of 18 7. The Oasis Hotel, (c. 1925) was one of three "catalyst hotels" that included Nellie Coffman's Desert Inn (c. 1909) and Prescott Stevens' El Mirador Hotel (c. 1927) that contributed to the transformation of Palm Springs from a refuge for those seeking relief from respiratory ailments to its international reputation as a premier resort destination. Related Relevant City Actions by HSPB, Planning, Fire, Building, etc... 1970 The McCallum Foundation donated the Village Green Park including the McCallum Adobe and the fragments of the Oasis dining hall to the City. February 6, 1985 City Council designated the Oasis Hotel tower and related structure as a Class 7 now Class 1 historic site. 1925 to 2006 Various building permits are issued for work on the Oasis Hotel Dining Hall and related structures. March 1, 2006 City Council approved Case 5.1076, a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) for proposed adaptive reuse of the Oasis Hotel for a restaurant. The project was never implemented and the entitlement expired. August 13, 2013 HSPB approved maintenance repaint and repairs and installation of a series of interpretative displays along the paseo between the Oasis Hotel and the Oasis Commercial Building. October 8, 2016 HSPB included the Oasis Dining Hall & storefronts in its annual work plan. February, 2018 Site inspection by members of the HSPB and City staff. February 13, 2018 The HSPB voted unanimously to recommend that the City Council amend the Oasis Hotel Class 1 historic site designation. Ownership Status 1970 Village Green, on which the fragments of the Oasis Hotel dining hall are located was donated to the City of Palm Springs by the McCallum Desert Foundation (which managed the McManus estate after Pearl's death in 1966). 2004 The Oasis Hotel tower, commercial storefronts and guest rooms purchased by Brandenberg Oasis Plaza LLC. ANALYSIS: Quoting architectural historian Alan Hess in the ARG report: "There was no precedent for using a distinctly Modern design for a resort anywhere in the country before the Oasis... Resorts contemporary to the Oasis, built for the burgeoning car tourism industry, boasted exotic, historically based designs ... The Oasis was boldly unique." "The Oasis Hotel is one of the first defining statements about a Modern architecture in the desert." 05 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 6 of 18 As noted in the ARG report, on page 23, hiring Wright to design the hotel was a bit of gamble, since it was Wright's largest commission at the time. Embracing Wright's organic modern designs was also risky because it would be a significant departure from the rustic ranch and romantic Spanish Colonial Revival styles that dominated Palm Springs and most of southern California at that time. With the passage of time, it has become clear that McManus' "risky venture" and Wright's unique approach to building and architecture yielded one of the most significant turning points in modern architecture in California. The purpose of this analysis is to consider a two-part amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel: re-defining the commercial storefront building and the surviving casita building as contributing elements at 121 South Palm Canyon Drive, and adding the dining hall at the Village Green to the Class 1 designation. For clarity, the two parts are evaluated separately in the analysis that follows. In 1985, the City Council granted Class 1 historic site designation to the Oasis Hotel tower "and attached structure"3. Those structures do not require further evaluation at this time. The February 1985 City Council staff report asserted that: "The tower, a landmark for many years, has remained basically unaltered although it will require some renovation. The remaining original buildings are in good condition but have been significantly altered and, therefore are not being recommended for historic designation..." This 1985 staff report failed to analyze the alterations using the CEQA guidelines for evaluating historic resources and also lacked any evaluation of the hotel components against the definition of a historic site as defined in the City's Historic Preservation Ordinance (Palm Springs Municipal Code Section 8.05.020). The CEQA guidelines note that a significant adverse change to a historic resource (i.e. to define it as "significantly altered") is one that materially impairs the physical characteristics that convey its historic significance and that justify its inclusion in a local register of historical resources. The conclusion drawn from the following analysis would suggest that the assertion in the 1985 staff report that the remaining buildings have been significantly altered was incorrect. Part 1: Evaluation of the Commercial Storefront and Casita Buildings. Definition of an Historic Site Section 8.05.020 of the Palm Springs Municipal Code (°PSMU) provides the definition of a historic site. The historic resources report provides an evaluation of the subject property in accordance with this definition which is summarized below. (a) Historic Site. 3 The two-story attached structure is also constructed of slip-formed poured concrete integral to the tower and contained two hotel guest rooms per floor, a stairway, a covered paseo and second floor open walkway. 06 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND— Oasis Hotel Page 7 of 18 An historic site is any real property such as: a building; a structure, including but not limited to archways, tiled areas and similar architectural elements; an archaeological excavation or object that is unique or significant because of its location, design, setting, materials, workmanship or aesthetic effect. The Commercial Storefront Building: Below are photos showing the commercial storefront building in its original condition (left) and its present condition (right). `I This building was an integral part of Wright's design for the Oasis Hotel. Contrary to the statement in the 1985 staff report, the commercial storefront building does convey historic significance and has not been significantly altered because: 1. It retains its association with master architect Lloyd Wright and with local pioneer Pearl McCallum McManus. 2. It retains visual evidence of the same slip-form method of construction used on the tower. 3. It continues to be used for commercial/retail functions for which it was originally designed. 4. It retains a high degree of integrity. Both the addition on the back side of the building and the alteration of the storefront display windows are removable and reversible; and the structure could be restored based on archival photos and drawings to further strengthen the historic integrity of the site. For these reasons the current evaluation concludes that the storefront building has not been significantly altered and in fact, retains sufficient integrity to convey historic significance as a contributing historic element on the site. 07 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND —Oasis Hotel Page 8 of 18 The Casita Building: This building lies to the southwest of the Oasis Hotel tower and directly west of the commercial storefront building. It is two stories in height, originally contained six hotel rooms and was constructed of the same "slip-form" concrete method Wright employed in other parts of the Oasis Hotel. It is the only surviving set of free-standing hotel rooms from the Oasis Hotel. BELOW LEFT, CASITA BUILDING IS DENOTED IN THE GREEN CIRCLE, STOREFRONTS AT THE BOTTOM. BELOW RIGHT VIEW OF CASITA BUILDING LOOKING FROM THE PARKING LOT WEST OF THE BUILDING (THE TOWER CAN BE SEEN IN THE BACKGROUND). f g. r . Contrary to the statement in the 1985 staff report, the casita building has not been significantly altered and does convey historic significance because: 1. It retains its association with master architect Lloyd Wright and with local pioneer Pearl McCallum McManus. 2. It retains visual evidence of its slip-form method of construction and its physical association with the other surviving buildings on the Oasis Hotel site that also employed this innovative construction technology. 3. Although poorly maintained, it has not been modified by additions or alterations. 4. It retains a high degree of integrity. For these reasons the current evaluation asserts that the casita building has not been significantly altered and in fact, it too retains sufficient integrity to convey historic significance as a "contributing historic element' on the site. The commercial storefronts and casita buildings are further evaluated against the seven criteria found in PSMC 8.05.020 that establish the definition of a historic site or district as follows: Criterion 1. That is associated with events that have made a meaningful contribution to the nation, state or community, or Although it attracted many celebrities and socialites, no known events are associated with the Oasis Hotel. Therefore it does not meet this criterion. 08 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 9 of 18 Criterion 2. That is associated with lives of persons who made meaningful contribution to national, state or local history; or The storefronts and casita buildings were designed and constructed as an integral part of the Oasis Hotel. As noted on page 45 of the ARG report, the Oasis Hotel is significant for its association with Pearl McCallum McManus. McManus' vision of a modern luxury hotel that would be a tribute to her father's legacy was the impetus for its development. Pearls' long association with Palm Springs is well documented as is her vision of the town growing to become an important world-renowned resort destination. The Oasis Hotel storefront and casita buildings both meet the definition of a historic site as defined in Criterion 2. Criterion 3. That reflects or exemplifies a particular period of the national, state or local history; As described in the historic resources report, the commercial storefront and casita buildings both exemplify the early Modern period in architectural history and thus meet the definition of a historic site as defined in Criterion 3. Criterion 4. That embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction; As noted above, these two structures are an integral part of the Oasis Hotel design by Lloyd Wright and were both constructed at the same time, using the same reinforced poured concrete "slip-form" method as the Oasis Hotel tower. The horizontal 'joints" created by the slip-form method are clearly evident in the exterior of both buildings. Contrary to the 1985 report, both buildings retain a high degree of integrity. The additions on the back of the storefront building are removable and the changes at the display windows are reversible. The casita building, although long vacant and poorly maintained remains unaltered and clearly conveys its unique slip form method of construction and its association with the Oasis Hotel. BELOW, A 1929 EXCERPT OF A TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE OASIS HOTEL, NOTE UNDER "TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION": "Reinforced concrete, dry tamped in slip forms invented by the Architect for the purpose." 39oeoonber 2o, ing OASIS Hoyt. Palm sprinq;a, Calif. Yeer at Completiont 1984 hdditionst M& Type of Constructlmm: Reinforced cu,creto dry* tsuped in clip tacks Invented tq the rrer.itect for the Puri, ee, lAnLas roen er.,v Mlle dressed rvd-;:)t)4, tracrior and orterior. l "too Cesamt sU% terraces. Interior £".ct�rislst dace to exterior i.e, coot concrete rate as left by tarms, decorative $olnt lines inside urd ant. City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 10 of 18 Criterion 5. That presents the work of a master builder, designer, artist, or architect whose individual genius influenced his age; or that possesses high artistic value; The commercial storefronts and casita building were designed by Lloyd Wright as an integral part of the Oasis Hotel at the same time as the tower. They employ the same slip-form construction technology. They demonstrate Wright's interest in minimal ornamentation and in a clear expression of the building's structure and material. Thus the storefront building and the casita building meet the definition of a historic site as outlined in Criterion 5 and the Oasis Hotel historic site designation could be amended to include both buildings as "contributing elements" to the historic significance of the site. Criterion 6. That represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; The subject property does not meet this criterion. Criterion 7. That has yielded or may be likely to yield information important to national, state or local history or prehistory. The subject property does not meet this criterion. Part 2: Evaluation of the Dining Hall Fragments. Pursuant to Municipal Code 8.05.195, the board may only consider the exterior of buildings when evaluating historic significance, and may not consider the interiors except in the case of public buildings. Since the dining hall fragments are owned by the City of Palm Springs and are thus "public buildings", both the exterior and the interior of the dining hall have been included in this analysis. The ARG report asserts that the dining hall fragments of the Oasis Hotel, meet the definition of a historic site because • Its unique design reflects the work of master architect Lloyd Wright. • It is a unique, surviving example of early 20th century Modern architectural design. • It reflects Wright's aesthetic principles of integrating ornament and design motifs found in regional indigenous cultures. • It exemplifies a tenet of Modern architecture in which the building's structure becomes expressed as ornament. • On page 49 the ARG report assesses the historic integrity of the dining hall. The report notes that although location and setting has been compromised by its dismantlement and relocation, it still retains integrity of design, materials, workmanship, feeling and association primarily on its intact interior roof trusses and related features. The dining hall fragments are further evaluated against the seven criteria found in PSMC 8.05.020 that establish the definition of a historic site or district as follows: 10 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 11 of 18 Criterion 1. That is associated with events that have made a meaningful contribution to the nation, state or community; or Although it attracted many celebrities and socialites, no known events are associated with the Oasis Hotel. Therefore it does not meet this criterion. Criterion 2. That is associated with lives of persons who made meaningful contribution to national, state or local history; or The ARG report notes, "McManus' enduring attachment to this building (the Oasis Hotel), reflects both her regard for Lloyd Wright's architectural design and the ruthless practicality for which she was known..." As the report states, among the building's significant characteristics is a handwritten "McManus" signature on the underside of a roof truss on a portion of the dining hall. The dining hall fragments thus meet the definition of a historic site as defined by Criterion 2. Criterion 3. That reflects or exemplifies a particular period of the national, state or local history; On page 45 the ARG report notes that the dining hall was an integral part of the Oasis Hotel complex, and that the hotel was particularly significant in the development of Palm Springs as a resort destination in the 1920's. On page 46, the ARG report suggests that because portions of the Oasis Hotel such as the dining hall had been dismantled, moved, and repurposed in the 1950's, the dining hall fragments no longer convey significance relative to that earlier period in Palm Springs history. However the HSPB concluded that those portions of the Oasis Hotel that have survived, even in their fractured condition, are critically important in conveying an understanding of the broader period of innovative, creative architectural experimentation with new technologies from the 1920's. It reflects the principles, tenets and theories of the Modern era in architectural history that began in the early 1920's and reached its zenith in the 50's and 60's. The Oasis Hotel, including the dining hall, exemplifies this "first chapter of the story" of the Modern period in architecture in Palm Springs and in California in general. As such, the Oasis Hotel dining hall fragments meet Criterion 3 in conveying the significance of the early period of development of a uniquely American style of Modern architecture. Criterion 4. That embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction; On page 46, the ARG report evaluates the Oasis Hotel dining hall fragments, particularly the complex scissor truss system of the dining hall roof. The report notes "the interior's exposed scissor truss roof system, which incorporates 30 and 60 degree angles as seen in natural forms like snowflakes, crystals, and tree branches reflects a type of architectural thinking which was still relatively new in the early 1920's; the early Modern tenet that structure should also 11 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 12 of 18 serve as ornament." As such the dining hall embodies the distinctive characteristics of a unique type and method of construction and meets the definition of a historic site as defined by Criterion 4. Criterion 5. That presents the work of a master builder, designer, artist, or architect whose individual genius influenced his age; or that possesses high artistic value; The ARG report outlines on page 47 the significance of Lloyd Wright as a master architect whose work influenced his age and possesses high artistic value. The exposed interior roof system of the dining hall comprised of spaced wood slats over compound scissor trusses created a visual effect similar to tree branches overhead. The integration of two living cottonwood trees into the construction of the dining room further strengthened this effect. BELOW LEFT DINING HALL c.1930 SHOWING EXISTING TREE INTEGRATED INTO THE DINING HALL, BELOW RIGHT, CURRENT CONDITION SHOWING TRUSSES STILL INTACT I The complex truss geometry culminates in four separate gables that converge in an intricate "crossing" in the center of the dining hall shown below: _ 2 v ti , 12 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 13 of 18 Wright used the wood slat motif to visually unify and integrate each component of the Oasis Hotel, as seen in the dining hall roof(above), the screens at the tower and railings at second floor passages and balconies as seen in the following photos. BELOW, THE INTEGRATION OF THE WOOD SLAT MOTIF ON THE TOWER AND RAILINGS. THE TALL WOOD SLAT SCREEN SEEN ON THE TOWER(CENTER BELOW)RESTED ON THE CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE BRACKETS SHOWN BELOW RIGHT. $ ti 'Its ti I I� �fl l rt. s k e^, IMAGES BELOW SHOWING THE SCISSOR TRUSSES AND THE WOOD SLAT MOTIF APPLIED TO THE LOGGIA CONNECTING THE DINING ROOM TO THE TOWER. Y 2 e wy �.y A t Wright's use of complex wood structural systems as architectural ornament can be seen in his later works as outlined in the ARG report on page 35 in reference to his Wayfarer's Chapel (1951), and it seems plausible that his work may have also inspired the work of architect E. Fay Jones in his design of Thornhill Chapel (1980) in Eureka Springs, Arkansas. The report concludes that the Oasis Hotel dining hall truss system demonstrated Wright's creative talent as an architect and inspired later works by both Wright and other architects and thus meets the definitinon of a historic site as defined by Criterion 5. Criterion 6. That represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; 13 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 14 of 18 The subject property does not meet this criterion. Criterion 7. That has yielded or may be likely to yield information important to national, state or local history or prehistory. The subject property does not meet this criterion. INTEGRITY Dining Hall Fragments. Beginning on page 49, the report analyzes the dining hall components of the Oasis Hotel relative to the seven aspects or qualities of integrity, as recognized by the National Register of Historic Places. The seven aspects or qualities include location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. The report concludes that although the location and setting have been altered, the dining hall — particularly the complex interior geometry of the roof and truss system -- retains integrity of design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. Commercial Storefronts and Casita Buildings. Both these buildings retain a high degree of integrity: The location of each building remains as originally constructed. The integrity of "setting" has been mostly lost due to encroaching surrounding development, additions on the back of the commercial building and the demolition of much of the hotel for construction of the Oasis Commercial Building in 1953. The integrity of the design, materials, workmanship, feeling and association of both buildings remain intact. Thus the HSPB recommended that the historic designation of the Oasis Hotel be amended to include these two buildings as "contributing" because they continue to possess a high degree of historic integrity. Integrity Discussion: Hotel Tower and attached structure. The 1985 staff report provided no evaluation of integrity of the tower and attached structure. Staff notes that although the tower and attached structure retain integrity of location, materials, workmanship, feeling and association, its setting has been lost to over ninety years of encroaching commercial development and the demotion in 1953 of the northern part of the hotel. The tower and attached building have also lost some design integrity due to the removal of the vertical wood slatted screens seen in the photo on page 13 of this report and in the photos on the following page. Similarly the covered paseo attached to the tower has been boarded up and wood screens and railings in the "attached building" have been partially removed. Restoring these wood elements would strengthen the integrity of the tower and attached building. 14 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND— Oasis Hotel Page 15 of 18 BELOW ELEVATION FROM ORIGINAL WRIGHT DRAWINGS SHOWING SLATTED SCREENS ON THE TOWER,ATTACHED STRUCTURE AND PASEOS. 11f p � t! v.ut mw Mid ABOVE COMPUTER GENERATED IMAGE BY JOHN ANTHONY RIVERA ABOVE SHOWING CURRENT CONDITION OF THE TOWER CREATED FROM ORIGINAL LLOYD WRIGHT DRAWINGS. AND THE ATTACHED STRUCTURE. tv 4 d ' rc I Eat M XWN f11fpIS ABOVE PHOTO SHOWING SLATTED SCREENS AND RAILINGS AT THE TOWER, ATTACHED STRUCTURE AND CASITA BUILDING(RIGHT). City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 16 of 18 DEFINING HISTORIC CHARACTERISTICS The physical character-defining historic features include the following: Dining Hall Fragments: • The exposed scissor truss structural system. • The handwritten "McManus" on the underside of one of the trusses. The general roof configuration of a "compound gable" reflecting the angles of the scissor trusses below. • The narrow wood slat roof sheathing. Commercial Storefront Building: The exposed (painted) concrete exterior walls, including the horizontal "reveals". The narrow slot window on the north fagade. • The general 4-part structural module expressed in the Palm Canyon fagade. Casita Building: The exposed (painted) concrete exterior walls, including the horizontal "reveals". • The general 3-part structural configuration expressed in the south fagade. Tower and Attached Structure: Although the 1985 staff report provided no identification of the character-defining features, staff recommends that any amendment to the historic designation of the Oasis Hotel include identification of the entire tower and original elements of the attached structure as character- defining features contributing to the historic significance of the Oasis Hotel. NON-CONTRIBUTING TO THE HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE: Dining Room Fragments: • All exterior materials, pole ramada, storefronts, doors, shake roof shingles (not original) • All interior finishes except the exposed scissor trusses and related roof structure. The HSPB also noted future removal of the drywall that is covering the slatted wood roof sheathing in the candy shop will strengthen the historic integrity of that structure. Commercial Storefronts: The additions on the west side of the building. • The renovated display windows and associated cornice. • The interiors. • Signage. Casita Building: • The interiors. Tower and attached structure: • The interiors. • Non-original elements (surface-mounted conduit, infill panels on the paseo and tower, fire escape, etc.) 16 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND—Oasis Hotel Page 17 of 18 REQUIRED FINDINGS: HSPB Findings. Pursuant to PSMC Section 8.05.145, following the public hearing, the HSPB shall make findings upon which it shall base its recommendation to the City Council asserting historic significance of the site or district. The HSPB determined that the Oasis Hotel dining hall, the commercial storefront building, and the casita building meet the definition of a historic site as outlined in PSMC Section 8.05.020 including Criterion 2, 3, 4 and 5 and voted unanimously to recommend that the historic site designation be amended to include these elements. City Council Findings. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 8.05.160, in considering a recommendation by the Historic Site Preservation Board for Class 1 historic site designation, the City Council shall find that the purposes of the historic preservation ordinance are furthered by the designation of property as a historic site. The purpose of the historic preservation ordinance is stated in PSMC 8.05.010: This chapter is adopted pursuant to the authority of Government Code Section 37361 for the purpose of preserving areas and specific buildings of the city which reflect elements of its cultural, social, economic, political, architectural and archaeological history. This chapter is intended to stabilize and improve buildings, structures or areas which are considered to be of historical, architectural, archaeological or ecological value, to foster civic beauty, to strengthen the local economy and to promote the use of specific buildings for the education and welfare of the citizens. The purpose of the City's historic preservation ordinance would be furthered by amending the Oasis Hotel's Class 1 historic site designation to include the dining hall, commercial storefronts and the casita building because these components are an integral part of Lloyd Wright's revolutionary and innovative design for the hotel, they possess a high degree of historic integrity, and convey a unique type, period and method of construction. The dining hall fragments are the only surviving wood-frame structures from the Oasis Hotel. Recognizing their historic importance is necessary to assure that future adaptive reuse of these structures is done in a manner that does not further compromise or materially impair their historic significance. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT The proposed historic site designation is not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Sections 15060(c)(2) (the activity will not result in a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment) and 15060(c)(3) (the activity is not a project as defined in Section 15378) of the CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 3, because it has no potential for resulting in physical changes to the environment, directly or indirectly. 17 City Council Staff Report: April 18, 2018 HSPB-10 AMND-Oasis Hotel Page 18 of 18 NOTIFICATION Pursuant to section 8.05.140 of the Municipal Code of Palm Springs, All property owners within five hundred (500) feet of the subject property have been notified and notice was made in a newspaper of general circulation. CONCLUSION: The HSPB concluded that the dining hall, commercial storefront building and casita building of the Oasis Hotel meet the definition of a historic site as outlined in the City's Historic Preservation Ordinance and contribute to the hotel's historic significance. The Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel is recommended to be amended to include these components. They contribute significantly not only to one's awareness of the total integration of Wright's design aesthetic in the various parts of the hotel, but also in understanding the importance of the Oasis Hotel in the evolution of Modern architecture in California and the pivotal role that innovative architecture played in the early development of Palm Springs. Recognizing their historic importance is necessary to assure that future adaptive reuse of these structures is done in a manner that does not further compromise or materially impair their historic significance. linn Fagg, AICP i M r us L. Fu , MP , P.E., P.L.S. Director of Planning Services Assistant City Manager/City Engineer David H. Ready, City Manager Attachments: 1. Vicinity Map. 2. Draft City Council Resolution. 3. HSPB Resolution HSPB #10 AMND and minute excerpt from the HSPB meeting of February 13, 2018. 4. Historic Resources Report dated August 23, 2017 by Architectural Resources Group (ARG). 5. Excerpts from the Historic Resources Report dated 2004 by Andrea Urbas, excerpts from the book, "A Palm Springs Weekend, the Architecture and Design of a Mid-Century Oasis", Hess & Danish, 2001, published by Chronicle Books, Articles on the Oasis Hotel from the Palm Springs Historical Society, Nicholette Wenzell, 2014, E mail correspondence from Eric Lloyd Wright dated April 11, 2005. 6. City Council Resolution 15424 and related material from the 1985 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel. 18 H O�pALM Sp4' Department of Planning Services K' E rq . Vicinity Map OFORN`P s I i ❑ 020 Z O CBD w CBD ;— G CBD RA RA � -T— U .�: E Q RIA pp -- a W TAHQUITZ CANYON-WA Y E TAHQUITZ CANYON WAY CU i PD _ RA J 7 �R3 R3 CBD CBD RA Z Rz 1— z LSE z ARENAS RD _. 4 z `�Q ARENAS RD 3 U - R3 - I CBD T_.. z - aC IL CBD O o CU PD R2 �, ��.0 R3 o R2 CUCel WCBD Legend PD CSCSite A BARISTO R D MF R �Site B 500' Site A Radius R NSP W 500' Site B Radius R3 ----CBD CBD NSP SATURNINOj�j RD_ Zoning - R — Parcels LSC FHR CITY OF PALM SPRINGS HSPB 10 OASIS HOTEL Attachment 2: Draft City Council Resolution 20 RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING THE CLASS 1 HISTORIC SITE DESIGNATION OF "THE OASIS HOTEL" TO LIST THE OASIS HOTEL DINING HALL LOCATED AT 211-219 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AND THE COMMERCIAL STOREFRONT AND CASITA BUILDINGS LOCATED AT 121 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AS CONTRIBUTING ELEMENTS; DESIGNED BY MASTER ARCHITECT LLOYD WRIGHT; (CASE HSPB #10 AMND) APN 513-143-009, 513-143-008, AND 513-153-017, ZONES: CU (CIVIC USES) & CBD (CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT). THE CITY COUNCIL FINDS AND DETERMINES AS FOLLOWS: A. Chapter 8.05 of the Palm Springs Municipal Code allows for the designation of historic sites and districts. B. On February 6, 1985, the City Council granted Class 7 (now Class 1) historic site status to the Oasis Hotel. The staff report identified the hotel tower and attached structure as "basically unaltered", the commercial storefront and casita building as "significantly altered" and mentioned the hotel's dining hall had been moved to the Village Green Park, but no analysis of the historic significance of those portions was provided. The staff report also provided no analysis of the various components against the definition of a historic site, nor was there any analysis provided pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) as to whether the noted alterations materially impaired the historic significance of the various components of the site to the extent that they no longer conveyed or contributed to the site's historic significance. C. On October 6, 2016, the City's Historic Site Preservation Board ("HSPB") identified a possible amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel as part of its annual work plan to study the hotel's dining hall, commercial storefront building and casita building to determine their relative importance in contributing to the historic significance of the hotel. D. The consulting firm Architectural Resources Group ("ARG") was retained by the City to study the Oasis Hotel and prepare a report to determine any possible historic significance of the components. ARG's analysis was summarized in a report provided to the City dated August 23, 2017. E. In February, 2018 copies of the ARG report were provided to members of the HSPB and members of the HSPB and City staff conducted site tours of the various components of the Oasis Hotel. 21 Case HSPW.10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 2 of 12 F. A notice of a public hearing of the HSPB was published in accordance with applicable law. G. On February 13, 2018, the HSPB held a public hearing in accordance with applicable law to consider a possible amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel. At said hearing the HSPB carefully considered all the evidence associated with the hearing, including but not limited to the historic resource report, the staff report, and all other written and oral testimony and voted unanimously to recommend that the City Council amend the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list the dining hall, commercial storefront and casita building as contributing elements to the historic significance of the site. H. FINDINGS: HSPB. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 8.05.145, the HSPB shall make findings upon which it shall base its recommendation to the City Council. Findings in support of amending the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list the commercial storefront buildinq and casita building as contributing to the historic siqnificance of the site: The Board found that contrary to the assertion in the 1985 staff report that the commercial storefront building and casita building "had been significantly altered' they in fact have not been significantly altered. Rather, they retain sufficient integrity to warrant amending the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list them as "contributing historic elements". The Board based this conclusion on its evaluation of the storefront building and casita building against the City's definition of a historic site pursuant to Municipal Code Section 8.05.020 ("Definitions") as follows: A historic site is any real property such as: a building; a structure, including but not limited to archways, tiled areas and similar architectural elements; an archaeological excavation or object that is unique or significant because of its location, design, setting, materials, workmanship or aesthetic effect The storefront building and casita building of the Oasis Hotel are unique and significant because they were designed as an integral part of the Oasis Hotel, the only known commission in Palm Springs by master architect Lloyd Wright. As an integral part of the hotel, they retain their association with Pearl McCallum McManus a person of local significance. Wright designed the hotel as a modern interpretation of a Spanish Hacienda, with thick concrete walls and covered paseos and passageways that protected the occupants from the intense desert climate. It retains visual evidence that it was built using a unique method of construction: that of "slip-form" poured-in-place concrete. It embodies Wrights' 2� Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 3 of 12 philosophy that the architectural ornament should be integral with the structure of the building and the building's ornament and detail reflected Wright's belief that a "uniquely American" form of architecture should be based upon design motifs of the indigenous cultures of the American Southwest, rather than "borrowed" styles from Europe. The overall aesthetic effect was uniquely bold and reflected one of the earliest examples in California of a distinctly modern American architectural style. The Board further found that the storefront building and casita building both retain a high degree of historic integrity: The storefront building continues to be used for commercial / retail functions for which it was originally designed, the addition on the back side and the alteration of the storefront display windows are removable and reversible and the structure is restorable based on archival photos and drawings which would further strengthen the historic integrity of the site. Although abandoned and boarded up, casita building remains unaltered and retains a high degree of historic integrity. It is the only surviving set of free- standing hotel rooms from the Oasis Hotel. The HSPB further evaluated the storefronts and casita buildings against the seven criteria found in PSMC 8.05.020 that establish the definition of a historic site or district as follows: Criterion 1. That is associated with events that have made a meaningful contribution to the nation, state or community; or Although it attracted many celebrities and socialites, no known events are associated with the Oasis Hotel. Therefore it does not meet this criterion. Criterion 2. That is associated with lives of persons who made meaningful contribution to national, state or local history; or The storefronts and casita buildings were designed and constructed as an integral part of the Oasis Hotel. As noted on page 45 of the ARG report, the Oasis Hotel is significant for its association with Pearl McCallum McManus. McManus' vision of a modern luxury hotel that would be a tribute to her father's legacy was the impetus for its development. Pearls' long association with Palm Springs is well documented as is her vision of the town growing to become an important world-renowned resort destination. The Oasis Hotel storefront and casita buildings both meet the definition of a historic site as defined in Criterion 2. Criterion 3. That reflects or exemplifies a particular period of the national, state or local history; As described in the historic resources report, the commercial storefront and casita buildings both exemplify the early Modem period in architectural history 23 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 4 of 12 and thus meet the definition of a historic site as defined in Criterion 3. Criterion 4. That embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction; As noted above, these two structures are an integral part of the Oasis Hotel design by Lloyd Wright and were both constructed at the same time, using the same reinforced poured concrete "slip-form" method as the Oasis Hotel tower. The horizontal "joints" created by the slip-form method are clearly evident in the exterior of both buildings. Contrary to the 1985 report, both buildings retain a high degree of integrity. The additions on the back of the storefront building are removable and the changes at the display windows are reversible. The casita building, although long vacant and poorly maintained remains unaltered and clearly conveys its unique slip form method of construction and its association with the Oasis Hotel. Criterion 5. That presents the work of a master builder, designer, artist, or architect whose individual genius influenced his age; or that possesses high artistic value; The commercial storefronts and casita building were designed by Lloyd Wright as an integral part of the Oasis Hotel at the same time as the tower. They employ the same slip-form construction technology. They demonstrate Wright's interest in minimal ornamentation and in a clear expression of the building's structure and material. Thus the storefront building and the casita building meet the definition of a historic site as outlined in Criterion 5. Criterion 6. That represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; The subject property does not meet this criterion. Criterion 7. That has yielded or may be likely to yield information important to national, state or local history or prehistory. The subject property does not meet this criterion. Conclusion: Based on the above, the HSPB finds and recommends that the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel be amended to list the commercial storefront building and casita building as contributing to the historic significance of the site. 24 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 5 of 12 Findings in support of amending the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list the dining hall as contributing to the historic significance of the site. Pursuant to Municipal Code 8.05.195, the board may only consider the exterior of buildings when evaluating historic significance, and may not consider the interiors except in the case of public buildings. Since the dining hall fragments are owned by the City of Palm Springs and are thus "public buildings", both the exterior and the interior of the dining hall were analyzed by the Board. The Board made findings in support of an amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list the dining hall fragments as contributing to the historic significance of the hotel. It based its findings on evaluation of the dining hall fragments against the City's definition of a historic site pursuant to Municipal Code Section 8.05.020 ("Definitions") as follows: A historic site is any real property such as: a building; a structure, including but not limited to archways, tiled areas and similar architectural elements; an archaeological excavation or object that is unique or significant because of its location, design, setting, materials, workmanship or aesthetic effect The dining hall of the Oasis Hotel is unique and significant because it was designed as an integral part of the Oasis Hotel by master architect Lloyd Wright. It is the only known commission in Palm Springs designed by Wright. As an integral part of the hotel, it retains its association with Pearl McCallum McManus a person of local significance. It embodies Wrights' philosophy that the architectural ornament should be integral with the structure of the building. This is evidenced in the intricate structural scissor trusses that comprise the roof structure of the dining hall. The trusses create an abstract visual effect of tree branches overhead; an effect that was further emphasized by Wright's design which integrated two large cottonwood trees into the original construction of the dining hall. The overall aesthetic effect was uniquely bold and reflected one of the earliest examples in California of a distinctly modern American architectural style. The dining hall, although moved to a separate parcel by McManus in 1952, retains a high degree of historic integrity as outlined in the ARG historic resources report. Past alterations to the dining hall such as the drywall ceilings are removable, which would further strengthen its historic integrity. On page 49 the ARG report assesses the historic integrity of the dining hall. The report notes that although location and setting has been compromised by its dismantlement and relocation, it still retains integrity of design, materials, workmanship, feeling and association primarily on its intact interior roof trusses and related features. The HSPB further evaluated the dining hall against the seven criteria found in PSMC 8.05.020 that establish the definition of a historic site or district as follows: 25 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 6 of 12 That is associated with events that have made a meaningful contribution to the nation, state or community, or Although it attracted many celebrities and socialites, no known events are associated with the Oasis Hotel. Therefore it does not meet this criterion. Criterion 1. That is associated with lives of persons who made meaningful contribution to national, state or local history; or The ARG report notes, "McManus' enduring attachment to this building (the Oasis Hotel), reflects both her regard for Lloyd Wright's architectural design and the ruthless practicality for which she was known..."As the report states, among the building's significant characteristics is a handwritten "McManus" signature on the underside of a roof truss on a portion of the dining hall. The dining hall fragments thus meet the definition of a historic site as defined by Criterion 2. Criterion 2. That reflects or exemplifies a particular period of the national, state or local history; On page 45 the ARG report notes that the dining hall was an integral part of the Oasis Hotel complex, and that the hotel was particularly significant in the development of Palm Springs as a resort destination in the 1920's. On page 46, the ARG report suggests that because portions of the Oasis Hotel such as the dining hall had been dismantled, moved, and repurposed in the 1950's, the dining hall fragments no longer convey significance relative to that earlier period in Palm Springs history. However the HSPB found that those portions of the Oasis Hotel that have survived, even in their fractured condition, are critically important in conveying an understanding of the broader period of innovative, creative architectural experimentation with new technologies from the 1920's. It reflects the principles, tenets and theories of the Modern era in architectural history that began in the early 1920's and reached its zenith in the 50's and 60's. The Oasis Hotel, including the dining hall, exemplifies this "first chapter of the story' of the Modern period in architecture in Palm Springs and in California in general. As such, the Oasis Hotel dining hall fragments meet Criterion 3 in conveying the significance of the early period of development of a uniquely American style of Modern architecture. Criterion 3. That embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction; On page 46, the ARG report evaluates the Oasis Hotel dining hall fragments, particularly the complex scissor truss system of the dining hall roof. The report 26 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 7 of 12 notes "the interior's exposed scissor truss roof system, which incorporates 30 and 60 degree angles as seen in natural forms like snowflakes, crystals, and tree branches reflects a type of architectural thinking which was still relatively new in the early 1920's; the early Modern tenet that structure should also serve as ornament." As such the dining hall embodies the distinctive characteristics of a unique type and method of construction and meets the definition of a historic site as defined by Criterion 4. Criterion 4. That presents the work of a master builder, designer, artist, or architect whose individual genius influenced his age; or that possesses high artistic value; The ARG report outlines on page 47 the significance of Lloyd Wright as a master architect whose work influenced his age and possesses high artistic value. The exposed interior roof system of the dining hall comprised of spaced wood slats over compound scissor trusses created a visual effect similar to tree branches overhead. The integration of two living cottonwood trees into the construction of the dining room further strengthened this effect. Wright used the wood slat motif to visually unify and integrate each component of the Oasis Hotel, as seen in the dining hall roof (above), the screens at the tower and railings at second floor passages and balconies as seen in the following photos. Wright's use of complex wood structural systems as architectural ornament can be seen in his later works as outlined in the ARG report on page 35 in reference to his Wayfarer's Chapel (1951), and it seems plausible that his work may have also inspired the work of architect E. Fay Jones in his design of Thornhill Chapel (1980) in Eureka Springs, Arkansas. The report concludes that the Oasis Hotel dining hall truss system demonstrated Wright's creative talent as an architect and inspired later works by both Wright and other architects and thus meets the definitinon of a historic site as defined by Criterion 5. Criterion 5. That represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; The subject property does not meet this criterion. Criterion 6. That has yielded or may be likely to yield information important to national, state or local history or prehistory. The subject property does not meet this criterion. Conclusion: Based on the above, the HSPB finds and recommends that the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel be amended to list the dining 27 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 8 of 12 hall fragments as contributing to the historic significance of the Oasis Hotel site. I. A notice of a public hearing of the City Council of the City of Palm Springs, California was published in accordance with applicable law. J. On April, 18, 2018 the City Council held a public hearing to consider a recommendation from the HSPB to amend the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel. At said hearing the City Council carefully considered all the evidence associated with the hearing, including but not limited to the historic resource report, the staff report, and all other written and oral testimony. THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALM SPRINGS DOES HEREBY RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 1. That the foregoing recitals are true and correct and are incorporated herein by this reference. SECTION 2 — FINDINGS: HSPB. The Council adopts the findings of the HSPB outlined above in support of their recommendation for the amendment of the Oasis Hotel Class 1 historic site designation. SECTION 3 — FINDINGS: CITY COUNCIL. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 8.05.160, in considering a recommendation by the Historic Site Preservation Board for Class 1 historic site designation, the City Council shall find that the purposes of the historic preservation ordinance are furthered by the designation of property as a historic site. The purpose of the historic preservation ordinance is stated in PSMC 8.05.010: This chapter is adopted pursuant to the authority of Government Code Section 37361 for the purpose of preserving areas and specific buildings of the city which reflect elements of its cultural, social, economic, political, architectural and archaeological history. This chapter is intended to stabilize and improve buildings, structures or areas which are considered to be of historical, architectural, archaeological or ecological value, to foster civic beauty, to strengthen the local economy and to promote the use of specific buildings for the education and welfare of the citizens. The City Council finds that the purpose of the City's historic preservation ordinance would be furthered by amending the Oasis Hotel's Class 1 historic site designation to include the dining hall, commercial storefronts and the casita building because these components are an integral part of Lloyd Wright's revolutionary and innovative design for the hotel, they possess a high degree of historic integrity, and convey a unique type, period and method of construction. The dining hall fragments are the only surviving Case HSPB 10 AM ND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 9 of 12 wood-frame structures from the Oasis Hotel (the other components are poured-in-place concrete structures). Recognizing their historic importance is necessary to assure that future adaptive reuse of these structures is done in a manner that does not further compromise or materially impair their historic significance. The amendment will enhance future efforts to stabilize and improve the buildings and thereby contribute to the economic vitality of the City. SECTION 4 — INTEGRITY. The City Council hereby amends the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to include the following assessment of historic integrity: Dining Hall Fragments. Beginning on page 49, the historic resources report analyzes the dining hall components of the Oasis Hotel relative to the seven aspects or qualities of integrity, as recognized by the National Register of Historic Places. The seven aspects or qualities include location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. The report concludes that although the location and setting have been altered, the dining hall — particularly the complex interior geometry of the roof and truss system -- retains integrity of design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. Commercial Storefronts and Casita Buildings. Both these buildings retain a high degree of integrity: Their location of each building remains as original constructed. The integrity of "setting" has been mostly lost due to encroaching surrounding development, additions on the back of the commercial building and the demolition of much of the hotel for construction of the Oasis Commercial Building in 1953. The integrity of the design, materials, workmanship, feeling and association of both buildings remain intact. Hotel Tower and attached structure. The 1985 staff report provided no evaluation of integrity of the tower and attached structure. Although the tower and attached structure retain integrity of location, materials, workmanship, feeling and association, its setting has been lost to over ninety years of encroaching commercial development and the demotion in 1953 of the northern part of the hotel. The tower and attached building have also lost some design integrity due to the removal of the vertical wood slatted screens seen in the photo on page 13 of this report and in the photos on the following page. Similarly the covered paseo attached to the tower has been boarded up and wood screens and railings in the "attached building" have been partially removed. Restoring these wood elements would strengthen the integrity of the tower and attached building. SECTION 5 - DEFINING HISTORIC CHARACTERISTICS. The City Council hereby amends the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to include the following identification of character-defining features that contribute to the historic significance of the site: 29 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 10 of 12 Dining Hall Fragments: • The exposed scissor truss structural system. • The handwritten "McManus" on the underside of one of the trusses. • The general roof configuration of a "compound gable" reflecting the angles of the scissor trusses below. • The narrow wood slat roof sheathing. Commercial Storefront Building: • The exposed (painted) concrete exterior walls, including the horizontal "reveals". • The narrow slot window on the north fagade. • The general 4-part structural module expressed in the Palm Canyon fagade. Casita Buildinq: • The exposed (painted) concrete exterior walls, including the horizontal "reveals". • The general 3-part structural configuration expressed in the south fagade. Tower and Attached Structure: Although the 1985 staff report provided no identification of the character-defining features, staff recommends that any amendment to the historic designation of the Oasis Hotel include identification of the entire tower and original elements of the attached structure as character-defining features contributing to the historic significance of the Oasis Hotel. SECTION 6 - NON-CONTRIBUTING TO THE HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE: The City Council hereby amends the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel is to include the following identification of features or elements that do not contribute to the historic significance of the site: Dining Room Fragments: • All exterior materials, pole ramada, storefronts, doors, shake roof shingles (not original) • All interior finishes except the exposed scissor trusses and related roof structure. The HSPB also noted future removal of the drywall that is covering the slatted wood roof sheathing in the candy shop will strengthen the historic integrity of that structure. Commercial Storefronts: • The additions on the west side of the building. • The "renovated display windows" and associated "cornice". • The interiors. • Signage. Casita Buildinq: • The interiors. Tower and attached structure: • The interiors. • Non-original elements (surface-mounted conduit, infill panels on the paseo and tower, fire escape, etc.) 30 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 11 of 12 SECTION 7 - ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT. The proposed historic site designation is not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Sections 15060(c)(2) (the activity will not result in a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment) and 15060(c)(3) (the activity is not a project as defined in Section 15378) of the CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 3, because it has no potential for resulting in physical changes to the environment, directly or indirectly. SECTION 8 — DESIGNATION. Based upon the foregoing, the City Council hereby amends the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list the dining hall at 211 South Palm Canyon Drive and the storefront building and casita building at 121 South Palm Canyon Drive as contributing to the hotel's historic significance, placing all structures and the site under the regulatory guidance of Municipal Code Section 8.05. SECTION 9 — RECORDATION WITH COUNTY RECORDER. Upon action on the recommendation by the City Council, the City Clerk shall submit the Council resolution to the County recorder for recordation within 90 days of the effective date of this resolution. ADOPTED THIS 18T" DAY OF APRIL, 2018. David H. Ready, Esq., Ph.D. City Manager ATTEST: Anthony J. Mejia, MMC City Clerk 31 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel April 18, 2018 Resolution No. Page 12 of 12 CERTIFICATION STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE ) ss. CITY OF PALM SPRINGS ) I, ANTHONY J. MEJIA, City Clerk of the City of Palm Springs, hereby certify that Resolution No. is a full, true and correct copy, and was duly adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Palm Springs on by the following vote: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: Anthony J. Mejia, MMC, City Clerk 32 Attachment 3: HSPB Resolution HSPB 10-AMND and minute excerpt of HSPB meeting of February 13, 2018 33 RESOLUTION NO. HSPB 10 AMND A RESOLUTION OF THE HISTORIC SITE PRESERVATION BOARD OF THE CITY OF PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA, RECOMMENDING THAT THE CITY COUNCIL AMEND THE CLASS 1 HISTORIC SITE DESIGNATION OF "THE OASIS HOTEL" TO LIST THE OASIS HOTEL DINING HALL LOCATED AT 211-219 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AND THE COMMERCIAL STOREFRONT AND CASITA BUILDINGS LOCATED AT 121 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AS CONTRIBUTING ELEMENTS; DESIGNED BY MASTER ARCHITECT LLOYD WRIGHT; (CASE HSPB #10 AMND) APN 513-143-009, 513-143-008, AND 513-153-017, ZONES: CU (CIVIC USES) & CBD (CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT). THE HISTORIC SITE PRESERVATION BOARD FINDS AND DETERMINES AS FOLLOWS: A. Chapter 8.05 of the Palm Springs Municipal Code allows for the designation of historic sites and districts. B. On February 6, 1985, the City Council granted Class 7 (now Class 1) historic site status to the Oasis Hotel. The staff report identified the hotel tower and attached structure as "basically unaltered", the commercial storefront and casita building as "significantly altered" and mentioned the hotel's dining hall had been moved to the Village Green Park, but no analysis of the historic significance of those portions was provided. The staff report also provided no analysis of the various components against the definition of a historic site, nor was there any analysis provided pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) as to whether the noted alterations materially impaired the historic significance of the various components of the site to the extent that they no longer conveyed or contributed to the site's historic significance. C. On October 6, 2016, the City's Historic Site Preservation Board ("HSPB") identified a possible amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel as part of its annual work plan to study the hotel's dining hall, commercial storefront building and casita building to determine their relative importance in contributing to the historic significance of the hotel. D. The consulting firm Architectural Resources Group ("ARG") was retained by the City to study the Oasis Hotel and prepare a report to determine any possible historic significance of the components. ARG's analysis was summarized in a report provided to the City dated August 23, 2017. E. In February, 2018 copies of the ARG report were provided to members of the HSPB and members of the HSPB and City staff conducted site tours of the 34 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel February 13, 2018 Resolution HSPB 10-AMND Page 2 of 10 various components of the Oasis Hotel. F. A notice of a public hearing of the HSPB was published in accordance with applicable law. G. On February 13, 2018, the HSPB held a public hearing in accordance with applicable law to consider a possible amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel. At said hearing the HSPB carefully considered all the evidence associated with the hearing, including but not limited to the historic resource report, the staff report, and all other written and oral testimony and voted unanimously to recommend that the City Council amend the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list the dining hall, commercial storefront and casita building as contributing elements to the historic significance of the site. H. FINDINGS: HSPB. Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 8.05.145, the HSPB shall make findings upon which it shall base its recommendation to the City Council. Findings in support of amending the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list the commercial storefront building and casita building as contributing to the historic significance of the site: The Board found that contrary to the assertion in the 1985 staff report that the commercial storefront building and casita building "had been significantly altered' they in fact have not been significantly altered. Rather, they retain sufficient integrity to warrant amending the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list them as "contributing historic elements". The Board based this conclusion on its evaluation of the storefront building and casita building against the City's definition of a historic site pursuant to Municipal Code Section 8.05.020 ("Definitions") as follows: A historic site is any real property such as: a building; a structure, including but not limited to archways, tiled areas and similar architectural elements; an archaeological excavation or object that is unique or significant because of its location, design, setting, materials, workmanship or aesthetic effect The storefront building and casita building of the Oasis Hotel are unique and significant because they were designed as an integral part of the Oasis Hotel, the only known commission in Palm Springs by master architect Lloyd Wright. As an integral part of the hotel, they retain their association with Pearl McCallum McManus a person of local significance. Wright designed the hotel as a modern interpretation of a Spanish Hacienda, with thick concrete walls and covered paseos and passageways that protected the occupants from the intense desert 35 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel February 13, 2018 Resolution HSPB 10-AMND Page 3 of 10 climate. It retains visual evidence that it was built using a unique method of construction: that of "slip-form" poured-in-place concrete. It embodies Wrights' philosophy that the architectural ornament should be integral with the structure of the building and the building's ornament and detail reflected Wright's belief that a "uniquely American" form of architecture should be based upon design motifs of the indigenous cultures of the American Southwest, rather than "borrowed" styles from Europe. The overall aesthetic effect was uniquely bold and reflected one of the earliest examples in California of a distinctly modern American architectural style. The Board further found that the storefront building and casita building both retain a high degree of historic integrity: The storefront building continues to be used for commercial / retail functions for which it was originally designed, the addition on the back side and the alteration of the storefront display windows are removable and reversible and the structure is restorable based on archival photos and drawings which would further strengthen the historic integrity of the site. Although abandoned and boarded up, casita building remains unaltered and retains a high degree of historic integrity. It is the only surviving set of free- standing hotel rooms from the Oasis Hotel. The HSPB further evaluated the storefronts and casita buildings against the seven criteria found in PSMC 8.05.020 that establish the definition of a historic site or district as follows: Criterion 1. That is associated with events that have made a meaningful contribution to the nation, state or community; or Although it attracted many celebrities and socialites, no known events are associated with the Oasis Hotel. Therefore it does not meet this criterion. Criterion 2. That is associated with lives of persons who made meaningful contribution to national, state or local history, or The storefronts and casita buildings were designed and constructed as an integral part of the Oasis Hotel. As noted on page 45 of the ARG report, the Oasis Hotel is significant for its association with Pearl McCallum McManus. McManus' vision of a modern luxury hotel that would be a tribute to her father's legacy was the impetus for its development. Pearls' long association with Palm Springs is well documented as is her vision of the town growing to become an important world-renowned resort destination. The Oasis Hotel storefront and casita buildings both meet the definition of a historic site as defined in Criterion 2. Criterion 3. That reflects or exemplifies a particular period of the national, state or local history; Case HSPB 10 AM ND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel February 13, 2018 Resolution HSPB 10-AMND Page 4 of 10 As described in the historic resources report, the commercial storefront and casita buildings both exemplify the early Modern period in architectural history and thus meet the definition of a historic site as defined in Criterion 3. Criterion 4. That embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction; As noted above, these two structures are an integral part of the Oasis Hotel design by Lloyd Wright and were both constructed at the same time, using the same reinforced poured concrete "slip-form" method as the Oasis Hotel tower. The horizontal 'joints" created by the slip-form method are clearly evident in the exterior of both buildings. Contrary to the 1985 report, both buildings retain a high degree of integrity. The additions on the back of the storefront building are removable and the changes at the display windows are reversible. The casita building, although long vacant and poorly maintained remains unaltered and clearly conveys its unique slip form method of construction and its association with the Oasis Hotel. Criterion 5. That presents the work of a master builder, designer, artist, or architect whose individual genius influenced his age; or that possesses high artistic value; The commercial storefronts and casita building were designed by Lloyd Wright as an integral part of the Oasis Hotel at the same time as the tower. They employ the same slip-form construction technology. They demonstrate Wright's interest in minimal ornamentation and in a clear expression of the building's structure and material. Thus the storefront building and the casita building meet the definition of a historic site as outlined in Criterion 5. Criterion 6. That represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; The subject property does not meet this criterion. Criterion 7. That has yielded or may be likely to yield information important to national, state or local history or prehistory. The subject property does not meet this criterion. Conclusion: Based on the above, the HSPB finds and recommends that the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel be amended to list the commercial storefront building and casita building as contributing to the historic significance of the site. 37 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel February 13, 2018 Resolution HSPB 10-AMND Page 5 of 10 Findings in support of amending the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list the dining hall as contributing to the historic significance of the site. Pursuant to Municipal Code 8.05.195, the board may only consider the exterior of buildings when evaluating historic significance, and may not consider the interiors except in the case of public buildings. Since the dining hall fragments are owned by the City of Palm Springs and are thus "public buildings", both the exterior and the interior of the dining hall were analyzed by the Board. The Board made findings in support of an amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list the dining hall fragments as contributing to the historic significance of the hotel. It based its findings on evaluation of the dining hall fragments against the City's definition of a historic site pursuant to Municipal Code Section 8.05.020 ("Definitions") as follows: A historic site is any real property such as: a building, a structure, including but not limited to archways, tiled areas and similar architectural elements, an archaeological excavation or object that is unique or significant because of its location, design, setting, materials, workmanship or aesthetic effect The dining hall of the Oasis Hotel is unique and significant because it was designed as an integral part of the Oasis Hotel by master architect Lloyd Wright. It is the only known commission in Palm Springs designed by Wright. As an integral part of the hotel, it retains its association with Pearl McCallum McManus a person of local significance. It embodies Wrights' philosophy that the architectural ornament should be integral with the structure of the building. This is evidenced in the intricate structural scissor trusses that comprise the roof structure of the dining hall. The trusses create an abstract visual effect of tree branches overhead; an effect that was further emphasized by Wright's design which integrated two large cottonwood trees into the original construction of the dining hall. The overall aesthetic effect was uniquely bold and reflected one of the earliest examples in California of a distinctly modern American architectural style. The dining hall, although moved to a separate parcel by McManus in 1952, retains a high degree of historic integrity as outlined in the ARG historic resources report. Past alterations to the dining hall such as the drywall ceilings are removable, which would further strengthen its historic integrity. On page 49 the ARG report assesses the historic integrity of the dining hall. The report notes that although location and setting has been compromised by its dismantlement and relocation, it still retains integrity of design, materials, workmanship, feeling and association primarily on its intact interior roof trusses and related features. 38 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel February 13, 2018 Resolution HSPB 10-AMND Page 6 of 10 The HSPB further evaluated the dining hall against the seven criteria found in PSMC 8.05.020 that establish the definition of a historic site or district as follows: That is associated with events that have made a meaningful contribution to the nation, state or community; or Although it attracted many celebrities and socialites, no known events are associated with the Oasis Hotel. Therefore it does not meet this criterion. Criterion 1. That is associated with lives of persons who made meaningful contribution to national, state or local history; or The ARG report notes, "McManus' enduring attachment to this building (the Oasis Hotel), reflects both her regard for Lloyd Wright's architectural design and the ruthless practicality for which she was known..."As the report states, among the building's significant characteristics is a handwritten "McManus" signature on the underside of a roof truss on a portion of the dining hall. The dining hall fragments thus meet the definition of a historic site as defined by Criterion 2. Criterion 2. That reflects or exemplifies a particular period of the national, state or local history, On page 45 the ARG report notes that the dining hall was an integral part of the Oasis Hotel complex, and that the hotel was particularly significant in the development of Palm Springs as a resort destination in the 1920's. On page 46, the ARG report suggests that because portions of the Oasis Hotel such as the dining hall had been dismantled, moved, and repurposed in the 1950's, the dining hall fragments no longer convey significance relative to that earlier period in Palm Springs history. However the HSPB found that those portions of the Oasis Hotel that have survived, even in their fractured condition, are critically important in conveying an understanding of the broader period of innovative, creative architectural experimentation with new technologies from the 1920's. It reflects the principles, tenets and theories of the Modern era in architectural history that began in the early 1920's and reached its zenith in the 50's and 60's. The Oasis Hotel, including the dining hall, exemplifies this "first chapter of the story" of the Modern period in architecture in Palm Springs and in California in general. As such, the Oasis Hotel dining hall fragments meet Criterion 3 in conveying the significance of the early period of development of a uniquely American style of Modern architecture. Criterion 3. That embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction; 39 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel February 13, 2018 Resolution HSPB 10-AMND Page 7 of 10 On page 46, the ARG report evaluates the Oasis Hotel dining hall fragments, particularly the complex scissor truss system of the dining hall roof. The report notes "the interior's exposed scissor truss roof system, which incorporates 30 and 60 degree angles as seen in natural forms like snowflakes, crystals, and tree branches reflects a type of architectural thinking which was still relatively new in the early 9920's, the early Modern tenet that structure should also serve as ornament." As such the dining hall embodies the distinctive characteristics of a unique type and method of construction and meets the definition of a historic site as defined by Criterion 4. Criterion 4. That presents the work of a master builder, designer, artist, or architect whose individual genius influenced his age; or that possesses high artistic value; The ARG report outlines on page 47 the significance of Lloyd Wright as a master architect whose work influenced his age and possesses high artistic value. The exposed interior roof system of the dining hall comprised of spaced wood slats over compound scissor trusses created a visual effect similar to tree branches overhead. The integration of two living cottonwood trees into the construction of the dining room further strengthened this effect. Wright used the wood slat motif to visually unify and integrate each component of the Oasis Hotel, as seen in the dining hall roof (above), the screens at the tower and railings at second floor passages and balconies as seen in the following photos. Wright's use of complex wood structural systems as architectural ornament can be seen in his later works as outlined in the ARG report on page 35 in reference to his Wayfarer's Chapel (1951), and it seems plausible that his work may have also inspired the work of architect E. Fay Jones in his design of Thornhill Chapel (1980) in Eureka Springs, Arkansas. The report concludes that the Oasis Hotel dining hall truss system demonstrated Wright's creative talent as an architect and inspired later works by both Wright and other architects and thus meets the definitinon of a historic site as defined by Criterion 5. Criterion 5. That represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; The subject property does not meet this criterion. Criterion 6. That has yielded or may be likely to yield information important to national, state or local history or prehistory. The subject property does not meet this criterion. 40 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel February 13, 2018 Resolution HSPB 10-AMND Page 8 of 10 Conclusion: Based on the above, the HSPB finds and recommends that the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel be amended to list the dining hall fragments as contributing to the historic significance of the Oasis Hotel site. THE HISTORIC SITE PRESERVATION BOARD OF THE CITY OF PALM SPRINGS DOES HEREBY RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 1. That the foregoing recitals are true and correct and are incorporated herein by this reference. SECTION 2 — FINDINGS: HSPB. The HSPB adopts the findings outlined above in support of their recommendation for the amendment of the Oasis Hotel Class 1 historic site designation. SECTION 3 — INTEGRITY. The HSPB makes the following findings with respect to the historic integrity of the dining hall, storefront building and casita building of the Oasis Hotel: Dining Hall Fragments. Beginning on page 49, the historic resources report analyzes the dining hall components of the Oasis Hotel relative to the seven aspects or qualities of integrity, as recognized by the National Register of Historic Places. The seven aspects or qualities include location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. The report concludes that although the location and setting have been altered, the dining hall — particularly the complex interior geometry of the roof and truss system -- retains integrity of design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. Commercial Storefronts and Casita Buildings. Both these buildings retain a high degree of integrity: Their location of each building remains as original constructed. The integrity of "setting" has been mostly lost due to encroaching surrounding development, additions on the back of the commercial building and the demolition of much of the hotel for construction of the Oasis Commercial Building in 1953. The integrity of the design, materials, workmanship, feeling and association of both buildings remain intact. Hotel Tower and attached structure. The 1985 staff report provided no evaluation of integrity of the tower and attached structure. Although the tower and attached structure retain integrity of location, materials, workmanship, feeling and association, its setting has been lost to over ninety years of encroaching commercial development and the demotion in 1953 of the northern part of the hotel. The tower and attached building have also lost some design integrity due to the removal of the vertical wood slatted screens seen in the photo on page 13 of this report and in 41 Case HSPB 10 AMND —Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel February 13, 2018 Resolution HSPB 10-AMND Page 9 of 10 the photos on the following page. Similarly the covered paseo attached to the tower has been boarded up and wood screens and railings in the "attached building" have been partially removed. Restoring these wood elements would strengthen the integrity of the tower and attached building. SECTION 4 - DEFINING HISTORIC CHARACTERISTICS. The HSPB makes the following findings with respect to identification of character- defining features that contribute to the historic significance of the site: Dining Hall Fragments: • The exposed scissor truss structural system. • The handwritten "McManus" on the underside of one of the trusses. • The general roof configuration of a "compound gable" reflecting the angles of the scissor trusses below. • The narrow wood slat roof sheathing. Commercial Storefront Building: • The exposed (painted) concrete exterior walls, including the horizontal "reveals". • The narrow slot window on the north facade. • The general 4-part structural module expressed in the Palm Canyon facade. Casita Building: • The exposed (painted) concrete exterior walls, including the horizontal 'reveals". • The general 3-part structural configuration expressed in the south facade. Tower and Attached Structure: Although the 1985 staff report provided no identification of the character-defining features, staff recommends that any amendment to the historic designation of the Oasis Hotel include identification of the entire tower and original elements of the attached structure as character-defining features contributing to the historic significance of the Oasis Hotel. SECTION 5 - NON-CONTRIBUTING TO THE HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE: The HSPB makes the following findings with respect to identification of features or elements that do not contribute to the historic significance of the site: Dining Room Fragments: • All exterior materials, pole ramada, storefronts, doors, shake roof shingles (not original) • All interior finishes except the exposed scissor trusses and related roof structure. The HSPB also noted future removal of the drywall that is covering the slatted wood roof sheathing in the candy shop will strengthen the historic integrity of that structure. Commercial Storefronts: • The additions on the west side of the building. • The 'renovated display windows" and associated "cornice". • The interiors. 42 Case HSPB 10 AMND—Amendment to the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel February 13, 2018 Resolution HSPB 10-AMND Page 10 of 10 • Signage. Casita Building: • The interiors. Tower and attached structure: • The interiors. • Non-original elements (surface-mounted conduit, infill panels on the paseo and tower, fire escape, etc.) SECTION 6 - ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT. The proposed historic site designation is not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Sections 15060(c)(2) (the activity will not result in a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment) and 15060(c)(3) (the activity is not a project as defined in Section 15378) of the CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 3, because it has no potential for resulting in physical changes to the environment, directly or indirectly. SECTION 7 — DESIGNATION. Based upon the foregoing, the Historic Site Preservation Board recommends that the City Council amend the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to list the dining hall at 211 South Palm Canyon Drive and the storefront building and casita building at 121 South Palm Canyon Drive as contributing to the hotel's historic significance, placing all structures and the site under the regulatory guidance of Municipal Code Section 8.05. ADOPTED THIS 13" DAY OF FEBRUARY, 2018. AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: ATTEST: CITY OF PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA Flinn Fagg, AICP Director of Planning Services 43 EXCERPTS OF MINUTES At the Historic Site Preservation Board meeting of the City of Palm Springs, held (month day, 2016), the Historic Site Preservation Board took the following action: 2.13. AN AMENDMENT TO THE CLASS 1 HISTORIC SITE DESIGNATION FOR "THE OASIS HOTEL" TO INCORPORATE THE OASIS HOTEL DINING HALL, LOCATED AT 211-219 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE, AND THE COMMERCIAL STOREFRONT AND CASITA BUILDINGS, LOCATED AT 121 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE, DESIGNED BY MASTER ARCHITECT LLOYD WRIGHT, ZONE CBD, (CASE HSPB #10 AM ND). (KL) Staff member Lyon summarized the staff report. Chair Johns commended staff on the thorough staff report, especially the computer generated images of the Oasis Hotel in its fully intact condition. Member La Voie asked for clarification on ownership of the various parts of the building. Chair Johns opened the public hearing. STEVE LYLE, representing the owner of the Oasis Hotel site, noted it has been a difficult site to redevelop and referenced a previous restaurant project that had been approved by the City, but the application expired. He noted the owner needs help to find a viable adaptive reuse for the site. He described it as one of the most important jewels in the desert. He stated that ownership is not fighting the designation, but is asking for assistance to help find a new use, that it is a shame the way it presently exists. Chair Johns asked staff member Lyon for clarifications about incentives offered through the City ordinances, specifically parking requirements. Lyon explained intensified uses in Class 1 buildings are exempt from requirement to provide additional parking. Member Dixon asked why there isn't more marketing material making the development community aware of the availability of the project for re-use. Mr. Lyle noted the ownership didn't have sufficient money to develop the project and 3 to 4 years ago was the last time a prospective developer considered the site. He noted they've approached the City on various instances seeking financial assistance but had not been successful. Member Hays asked about whether the owner had pursued national historic tax credits. Mr. Lyle stated in the past it was not sufficient to get a project off the ground. 44 Seeing no further speakers, the chair closed the public hearing. Member Hays commended staff and the building owner for showing the site to the board. There was considerable surprise of how much of the original building still remains. Member Burkett also expressed enthusiasm about what was observed during the site visit. He encouraged the owner to go back and speak again with City officials on assistance for redeveloping the project. M/S/C (La Voie/Dixon) to recommended that the amendment be forwarded for action by the City Council. Member Burkett suggested a condition be included that if the building that is the fudge shop can have the drywall covering up the wood slat roofing removed during a future renovation, it should be encouraged. (7-0 to approve.) I, JOANNE BRUGGEMANS, Administrative Secretary for the City of Palm Springs, hereby certify that the above action was taken by Historic Site Preservation Board of the City of Palm Springs on the 13th day of February, 2018, by the following vote: AYES: Dixon, La Voie, Kiser, Marsh, Hays, Burkett, Johns NOES: None ABSENT: None Joanne Bruggemans Adminstrative Secretary 45 Attachment 4: Historic Resources Report dated August 23, 2017 by Architectural Resources Group, Inc. 44 v ,jA T �* A' n m w a ;' 4Y: A-i A Oasis Hotel Dining Hall 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive Historic Resources Report Prepared for: City of Palm Springs Department of Planning Services 3200 Tahquitz Canyon Way Palm Springs, California 92263 Prepared by: Architectural Resources Group Pasadena, California August 23, 2017 47 Table of Contents 1. Introduction.....................................................................................................................1 2. Architectural Description..................................................................................................2 2.1 Site and Setting................................................................................................................ 2 2.2 Building............................................................................................................................ 3 3. Alterations and Chronology of Development..................................................................16 4. Historic Contexts............................................................................................................20 4.1 Hotel and Resort Development in Palm Springs, 1919-1952........................................ 20 4.2 The Oasis Hotel.............................................................................................................. 23 4.3 Lloyd Wright.................................................................................................................. 33 4.4 Pearl McCallum McManus............................................................................................. 37 S. Regulations and Criteria for Evaluation ..........................................................................41 5.1 City of Palm Springs Historic Site................................................................................... 41 6. Evaluation of Significance...............................................................................................44 6.1 Previous Surveys and Designations............................................................................... 44 6.2 City of Palm Springs Historic Site................................................................................... 44 7. Integrity Analysis............................................................................................................49 Summaryof Integrity................................................................................................................. 51 8. Conclusion .....................................................................................................................52 9. Bibliography....................................................................................................................53 Appendix A. Historic Photographs Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP i 48 1. Introduction At the request of the City of Palm Springs' Department of Planning Services, Architectural Resources Group (ARG) has prepared this Historic Resources Report for a building that was originally the Oasis Hotel Dining Hall,Palm Springs,Riverside County, California.' The property at 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive is a one-story commercial building in Village Green Heritage Park; it is owned by the City of Palm Springs and has the APN 513-153-017. Originally the dining hall of the Oasis Hotel at the corner of S. Palm Canyon Drive and W. Tahquitz Canyon Way,the 1924 building was designed by master architect Lloyd Wright. In 1952, its original owner Pearl McCallum McManus had it moved a block south and reconfigured for new uses at her Village Green retail complex.ARG has evaluated the building's eligibility for listing as a City of Palm Springs Class 1 Historic Site. Completion of this assessment involved a site visit and visual inspection of the building on July 14, 2017; compilation and review of historic building permits and project documents obtained from the Palm Springs Department of Planning Services; primary and secondary source research conducted through various local and online repositories, including the Palm Springs Historical Society Research Library and UCLA's Lloyd Wright Papers in Special Collections; development of applicable historic contexts and themes; evaluation of the property's eligibility under City of Palm Springs Class 1 Historic Site criteria; and evaluation of the property's historic integrity. This report was prepared by Katie E. Horak, Principal and Mary Ringhoff, Associate, both of whom meet the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualification Standards for Architectural History.z In summary,ARG finds that the property at 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive is eligible for listing as a City of Palm Springs Class 1 Historic Site, on the basis of its intact interior features.The following report provides a contextual basis for analysis and a detailed discussion of how this determination was made. 'Amending the designation of the Oasis Hotel(HSPB#10)to include the surviving portions of the hotel's wood frame dining hall and the poured-in-place concrete commercial storefronts along Palm Canyon was part of the HSPB's 2016/17 annual work plan priorities. I Katie E.Horak is a Principal and Architectural Historian in ARG's Pasadena office,with 13 years of experience in the field.She is a graduate of the Master of Historic Preservation(now Heritage Conservation)program at the University of Southern California.Mary Ringhoff is an Associate in ARG's Pasadena office,with eight years of experience in the field.She is also a graduate of USC's Master of Historic Preservation program. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 1 49 2. Architectural Description W.Arenas Rd. of eD FL a 9,0 �n� l Y �I e' Site map.The subject property is outlined in V red.Base map from maps.google.com. BEFT 2.1 Site and Setting The subject property, 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive, is located within the City- owned Village Green Heritage Park,on the west side of S. Palm Canyon Drive south of W. Arenas Road. This area adheres to a rectilinear street grid, and has a wide array of lot sizes. The topography of the immediate area slopes gently to the east, down from the San Jacinto mountain range. The Village Green complex is surrounded by one- and two-story commercial properties representing construction dates from the 192Os to the 2O1Os. Most of the surrounding buildings' main volumes are set back from the sidewalk, fronted by attached covered dining patios. Some buildings are flush with the sidewalk. The Village Green complex contains four buildings arrayed around a central landscaped plaza: the subject property (currently containing the Agua Caliente Cultural Museum and Palm Springs Fudge and Chocolates); the McCallum Adobe (Palm Springs Historical Society Museum);the Cornelia White House; and Ruddy's General Store. The subject property occupies the north and northwest portions of Village Green.All of the complex's buildings face inward toward the plaza,which is landscaped with lawn and flowers and crossed by concrete walkways, some of which have terrazzo "Palm Springs Walk of Stars" insets. The concrete walkway along the south facade of the subject property is shaded by the building's Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 2 50 projecting porch roof. A large concrete fountain sits at the east edge of the plaza, within a hardscaped circle of embossed commemorative bricks. Other Village Green features include light standards, boulder-mounted historical markers, freestanding signage, a flagpole, and concrete benches. The west and south parts of the complex, including the Agua Caliente Cultural Museum volume of the subject property, are elevated from street level and accessed via a set of concrete steps at the north side and a gently sloping concrete ramp/walkway at the south side. The north side of the subject property directly abuts the commercial building to the north (205 S. Palm Canyon Drive, originally Haggarty's clothing store and currently Kaiser Grill). Surface parking lots lie beyond the west side of the Village Green complex. 2.2 Building T i . Overview of subject property from the street.All existing - • conditions photos 1 ` were taken by ARG on July 14,2017. •. Key to building me J volumes.Volumes 1-3 r a represent the ,r reconfigured Oasis E Hotel dining hall,while Volume 4 is a later addition.Base map from maps.google.com. Nil The building comprises three primary attached volumes; all three volumes were originally part of the Oasis Hotel dining hall, but they have been separated, moved, and reattached to each other in a new angled configuration on the Village Green. A fourth volume, a flat-roofed, concrete block addition to the north side of the property, is not part of the original dining hall building. Each volume is described in Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 3 51 turn below,with the arbitrary descriptors of Volumes 1,2,3,and 4.The building as a whole is characterized by an irregular plan, gabled roofs covered with wood shake, and a mix of wood siding,stucco, and concrete block cladding. It represents wood frame construction, with the exception of the Volume 4 concrete block addition to the north side.Volumes 1 and 2 are fronted by a projecting wood porch roof with simple wood post supports and open eaves; the porch roof shades a poured concrete slab floor/walkway. As discussed below, Volumes 1, 2, and 3 retain much of their original interior wood slat ceiling and exposed roof scissor truss system. Volume 1: 219 S. Palm Canyon Drive (Agua Caliente Cultural Museum Entrance and Gift Shop) 1 I III --....._ _ Volume 1 primary s (southeast)fayade, A view to northwest. Volume 1 Exterior Volume 1 is elevated above the other volumes and accessed by a set of concrete steps and by a gently sloping concrete walkway/ramp. It currently contains the main entrance and gift shop for the Agua Caliente Cultural Museum. The volume has a square footprint and a distinctive cross-gabled roof with wood shake and simple wood bargeboards. Each of its four facades has a "broken gable' roofline. The primary (southeast) fa4ade is nearly symmetrical, with cladding of painted concrete block at its lower part (forming a kneewall), and vertical wood slats fronting wood boards under the gable. The facade contains a centered glazed storefront with wood French entry doors with divided lights and a transom. The Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 4 52 doors are flanked by large, fixed, single-light wood sidelights, which are in turn flanked by two fixed,single-light wood windows.The window to the right is slightly narrower than the one to the left due to the point of attachment between Volumes 1 and 2; a small portion of the facade here is clad with vertically scored plywood. The concrete block kneewall projects slightly from the rest of the facade under each of these windows. The entirety of the storefront is topped by three large, fixed, single-light transoms. Wood support posts with large metal bolts frame the storefront and extend to the roofline. A fabric awning,gooseneck light fixture, and signage have been added to this facade. ,K 1 �4 Volume 1 southwest facade and portion of southeast facade, view to northwest. The southwest facade is primarily clad in textured stucco, with the concrete block kneewall wrapping around the cornerfrom the southeast and extending across the entire facade. No window or door openings are present. The area under the roof gable is glazed, with crossed wood board dividers mimicking the exposed wood scissortrusses visible at other gables and in the volume's interior.The exact nature of these dividers is difficult to discern (hanging decorations obscure them from the interior), but they do appear to be different from the scissor trusses seen at other facades. A wood gate with wood and stucco surround is attached to this facade, leading to the rear of the property. The volume's northwest facade is clad in vertically scored plywood. The area under the roof area is glazed, with exposed wood scissor trusses. This facade contains a set of fully glazed metal doors and a sliding aluminum window. An accordion-style security gate has been added to the entry. The fagade's northern portion contains Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 5 53 a projecting shed addition with the same plywood cladding and a set of plain metal doors; the addition projects from both the Volume 1 facade and the north end of Volume 4 (which extends behind all three of the building's older volumes and is only partially visible here). Both the main facade and the shed addition are fronted by a low, curving brick step. A non-original pole ramada projects from the northwest facade,shading a small brick patio bordered by outdoor exhibits. f� I it r Volume 1 northwest facade, view to southeast. Volume 1's northeast facade is only partially visible, as Volume 2 attaches here at an angle;Volume 2's porch roof is notched to fit Volume 1 here, and the interface under the porch roof is a stucco wall with a wood window opening containing a perforated metal screen with a photographic image printed on it. The visible portion of Volume 1's northeast facade is clad in vertically scored plywood. The area under the roof area is glazed, with exposed wood scissor trusses. Exterior HVAC equipment sitting on the Volume 4 roof has a metal vent extension entering Volume 1 at this facade. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 6 54 y I � � Volume 1 portions of northeast and southeast fagades, view to northwest. Volume 1 Interior The interior of Volume 1 contains a single open room with a high ceiling, stucco wall finishes, and a carpeted floor. The room's shape reflects the roughly square footprint and cross-gabled roof of the exterior,containing a central space with four projecting bays (one under each roof gable). The bays join the central space with chamfered corners topped by stucco-covered timber vertical supports with large bolts;the supports extend to the upper wall plate.The roof assembly is completely exposed, comprising painted wood scissor trusses supporting a ceiling finish of painted wood slats. Each gabled bay has its own truss system, all meeting at the centerpoint of the roofline in a complex system of triangular cross-members. The north portion of the room contains a doorway with wood folding doors leading to a small modern kitchen with particleboard cabinets/counters. This carpeted room leads to a small anteroom with a set of steps and a wood hopper window which has been painted over.A partially glazed (obscure glass)wood door leads to additional steps, down to a storage room with a tile floor and freestanding metal shelving. Both the kitchen and the storage room have painted concrete block walls, presumably part of the Volume 4 concrete block addition,and painted wood board ceilings with exposed beams. The partially glazed wood door has hardware more 1920s than 1950s in appearance and may be original to the building, or represent salvage from elsewhere (possibly somewhere within the dining hall building). Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 7 55 The west portion of the room contains another doorway with curtains, leading to a private office space; this room was not accessible during the site visit. The east portion of the room contains a wood-framed opening with steps leading down to the exhibit gallery in the interior of Volume 2. 77 t� _a r II i n'lM��F ti�� b�I� I Iiilll I a . u P fill 1 I T „ ♦ f Volume 1 interior, p typical scissor trusses and wood slat ceiling. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 8 r 5 4°} � � $ � � � � q�ygp• (, 1. {FF fj�{.pkEp j�p /Edi.! J'� f �.:� p�� ��.,ren•^'., x A, .. ism:+' �� •.++a++r.rww. ,... Volume 1 interior, central meeting Dint of roofs stem "" 1•' (object in center isa hanging decoration). Volume 2: 215 S. Palm Canyon Drive (Agua Caliente Cultural Museum Gallery) Volume 2 Exterior Volume 2, which currently contains the gallery for the Agua Caliente Cultural Museum, serves as the connector between Volumes 1 and 3. It has a roughly rectangular footprint (though it is angled to meet the volumes on either side of it) and a side-gabled roof with wood shake and simple wood bargeboards.The volume is fronted by a projecting porch shared with Volume 3, as described above. The primary(southwest)facade has wood framing around large openings that once contained storefront windows; these have been enclosed with perforated metal screens with photographic images printed on them. The screens appear to be backed by the interior walls and do not cover windows. The facade also contains two wood doors with openings for full glazing and transoms (the openings and transoms now contain perforated metal screens with printed photographic images). The left door has a metal mail slot at the bottom and its frame contains metal "215" lettering. This door has no hardware and does not appear operable. The right door has hardware and is opened as needed for wheelchair access to the gallery. Volume 2's northwest and southeast facades are now the points of attachment to Volumes 1 and 3. Its northeast facade is covered by the Volume 4 addition. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 9 57 f�ty �^ice 1 b lr:•, Volume 2 primary ` �°� s . •i i .r•w� w , k' (southwest)facade, � �' r 4`•� view to northwest. _ _--�� �•� .� -���.,...-air. - Volume 2 connecting Volumes 1 and 3, view to north. Volume 2 Interior The interior of Volume 2 is a long, rectangular open room with a carpeted floor and painted drywall wall finishes fronted by interpretive exhibit panels. Its southern portion, reflecting the exterior's gabled roof, exhibits the same ceiling seen in Volume 1's interior: an exposed roof assembly with painted wood scissor trusses and a ceiling finish of painted wood slats. Its northern portion has a different,lower Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 10 58 ceiling finish: painted wood boards with exposed beams,as seen in the kitchen and storage room volumes of Volume 1.This indicates that the room's northern portion is part of the Volume 4 concrete block addition.This northern portion has a modern partition wall dividing it into two open display areas;to the south,the wall becomes a header that spans the width of the interior. A scissor truss meets this header at an angle and has been partially incorporated so it appears to pierce it. A similar header with piercing truss is present at the west end of the room, in the area where Volumes 1 and 2 join. This joining area has the same ceiling type as the northern portion of the Volume 2 interior, indicating the attachment point of the two volumes at the current angle. Volume 1 interior, showing roof trusses and partition wall. Volume 2 interior, showing detail of scissor truss piercing modern header. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 11 59 Volume 3: 211 S. Palm Canyon Drive (Palm Springs Fudge and Chocolates) Volume 3 Exterior Volume 3, which currently contains Palm Springs Fudge and Chocolates, has a roughly rectangular footprint and a gabled roof with wood shake and simple wood bargeboards. As described above, the volume is fronted by a projecting porch shared with Volume 2. The volume's south facade is almost entirely glazed with large, fixed, wood storefront windows. The windows sit above a painted concrete block kneewall very similar to the one on Volume 1. This facade also contains two fully glazed wood doors with transoms, of the same type on Volume 2. a � f v�, Volume 3 south .. facade,view to northwest. Volume 3 east and south fazades,view to northwest. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 12 60 The east facade faces S. Palm Canyon Drive and contains the volume's primary entrance: a fully glazed wood door with transom at the north edge of the facade. The rest of the facade has a large,fixed,wood storefront window of the same type on the south facade.Above the storefront,the area under the gable is glazed,with exposed wood scissor trusses and a metal muntin. The steep gable of the roof projects beyond the east facade to become a porch roof with wood scissor trusses and open eaves,supported by simple wood posts.The underside of the porch roof retains wood slats backed by plywood. This is the same type of ceiling finish seen in the intact interiors of Volumes 1 and 2, indicating this porch underside was originally an interior ceiling. One of the scissor trusses here bears the handwritten "McManus" of the original owner, as well as two dangling lengths of iron chain. j Detail:McManus signature on underside of porch roof at Volume 3 east fagade. . Volume Ts west facade is now the point of attachment to Volume 2, and its north facade is now obscured by the Volume 4 addition. Volume 3 Interior Most of Volume Ts interior is a single, open, rectangular room with tile floors. Its south and east walls are mostly glazed, with painted wood framing at the interior, and the other walls are finished with painted drywall. The southern portion of the room reflects the exterior's gabled roof, with a similar ceiling to that seen in Volumes 1 and 2: an exposed roof assembly with painted wood scissor trusses. However, the original ceiling finish of wood slats has been covered with drywall. The northern portion of the interior has a dropped, boxed ceiling with simple support columns, indicating that it is part of the Volume 4 addition to the north. The north part of the room also includes retail counters, built-in wood shelving, and food preparation areas, as well as a doorway to an additional room or rooms not accessible during this site visit. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 13 61 Volume 3 interior showing intact trusses. Y V' Volume 3 interior showing dropped ceiling and retail built-ins in northern portion. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 14 62 Volume 4: North Addition Volume 4 Exterior Volume 4 is a concrete block addition to the north side of the building; irregular in plan, it extends all the way from Volume 3's west facade to the rear of Volume 1, and provides additional interior space for all of the other volumes. This volume does not have its own exterior entrance. It has a flat roof covered with an unknown material, atop which sits HVAC equipment. Comprising a northern extension of Volume 3's west facade, Volume 4's east facade (its only visible one) is clad in painted concrete block of a different, narrower type than that seen on Volumes 3 and 1. It contains a single,fixed,wood single-light display window fronted by a low concrete block planter. The facade is shaded by a metal awning with Plexiglas sheets on its underside, suggesting the current or past presence of fluorescent lighting. 'r a Eastfasades of Volumes 3 and 4, view to east. The north facade of Volume 4 directly abuts the building to the north and is not visible. Aside from a glimpse of concrete block wall visible at the northwest facade of Volume 1,Volume 4's west facade is also not visible. Volume 4Interior As Volume 4's interior appears to be fully integrated with that of the other volumes, it is discussed in tandem with Volumes 1-3 above. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP is 63 3. Alterations and Chronology of Development Upon review of historical building permits, newspaper sources, photographs, and drawings, ARG created the following chronology of development for the Oasis Hotel Dining Hall. This chronology provides a summary of the property's development as well as a summary of all documented alterations. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall (1924-1952) 1924: The Oasis Hotel multi-building complex, including the dining hall, is constructed at the southwest corner of S. Palm Canyon Drive and W. Tahquitz Canyon Way. Architect: Lloyd Wright. Owner: Pearl McCallum McManus and Austin McManus. The dining hall was a 28' x 90' (2,520 sq. ft.) gable-roofed wood structure, with the existing McCallum Adobe house attached to its northeast corner and used as a lounge.3 A concrete kitchen volume was attached perpendicularly to its northwest corner, and concrete cladding detail continued across the dining hall's north fagade. 1925: A second residential unit, comprising a large two-story building, is added to the northwest corner of the Oasis Hotel parcel. This added about 28 guest rooms to the existing 22.4 1925-1927: The property is operated by lessee W.E. Hanner.s 1927: The McManuses sell the property to Hobart Garlick, who operates it until his death in 1940. 1941: A swimming pool and two guest cottages are added to the complex.6 1944: Dewey Metzdorf, senior vice president of Western Hotels Inc., purchases and operates the property.' 1952: Metzdorf sells the property to Western Hotels,Inc.The new owner constructs a new commercial building in the northern part of the property, necessitating the removal or demolition of the existing buildings there as well as part of the hotel itself. 3 Hacienda (Oasis) Hotel drawings, Lloyd Wright papers (Collection 1561). UCLA Library Special Collections,Charles E.Young Research Library,UCLA. "Oasis Hotel,Palm Springs, Calif."Typewritten notes on construction of first and second units, 20 November 1929,Lloyd Wright papers,UCLA;Sanborn Map Company,1926. s Greg Niemann,Palm Springs Legends:Creation of a Desert Oasis(San Diego:Sunbelt Publications, Inc.,2006),66. s The Desert Sun,"Oasis Hotel Completes Improvement Program,"14 February 1941. Nicolette Wenzell,"Palm Springs History:The Garlicks Built Up Oasis Hotel,"The Desert Sun 1 May 2014. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 16 64 Pearl McCallum McManus, having retained the right to the McCallum Adobe and apparently the dining hall building as well, removes them from the property. Dining Hall Building at Village Green Location (1952-Present) 1952: McManus has the dining hall building cut into three pieces and moves at [east two of them (Volumes 1 and 2) to the McManus- owned property down the street, later known as Village Green;she also has the McCallum Adobe disassembled, moved, and rebuilt there. Volumes 1 and 2 are set in their current places. Volume 3 may also have been moved here at the same time, but newspaper references indicate that a portion of the Oasis Hotel dining hall was first moved to the new Palm Valley School,where it was remodeled and served as a dining hall;Volume 3 is the most likely candidate.$ Volume 1 was used as a chapel and retail space, and usually used the address 219 S. Palm Canyon Drive.Volume 2 was converted to commercial storefronts, with the address 211 S. Palm Canyon Drive. The 1952 permit notes "four store rooms and chapel, 8' concrete block,frame and stucco, shake and shingle roof."9 1953: Concrete block addition (Volume 4) constructed to add a kitchen and bathroom and to join Volumes 1 and 2.'o 1953-1955: If Volume 3 was not moved to Village Green previously, McManus moves it now from Palm Valley School to the Village Green,setting it at its current location and attaching it to Volume 2 (and possibly extending Volume 4); its earliest occupant was Ruth Bibo's Acoma Indian Shop." $The Desert Sun,"Twenty Entered at Palm Valley School in First Year of Activity,"13 November 1952; "Modern Cafeteria Feature of Palm Valley School," 14 September 1953. The exact address of Palm Valley School is unclear;the November 1952 article describes it as"located on the property formerly owned by the Marsden Foundation some four miles east of downtown Palm Springs,just off Highway 111."In 1992,the school moved to a new campus in Rancho Mirage. e Palm Springs Building Department(PSBD), Permit 5806, 9/22/52. Plumbing and electrical permits from 1952-1953 also exist(day and month illegible),but despite their use of the address 211 S.Palm Canyon Drive, it is not clear which Village Green building(s) they are for. See PSBD, Permit 4864, 12/3/52; Permit 6223, [month illegible]/21/52; Permit 4762, [month illegible]/23/52; Permit 5304, 12/1/53;Permit 5724,[month illegible]/18/53.There is a great deal of address fluctuation during this early period,and 211 S.Palm Canyon Drive sometimes refers to up to three different buildings. 10 PSBD,Permit 6466,11/4/53. 11 The Desert Sun,Ad for Hostess House,24 December 1953;"Mary Booth Killed,Two Injured in Auto Crash," 3 April 1957; "Art Center Has Tea at Opening," 22 November 1955; "Real Joy on Tahquitz" (Adele Joan Brott letterto the editor),11 February 1987.Bibo's shop was noted being at Village Green as early as December 1953,but If Volume 3 was in fact moved a year or two later than Volumes 1 and 2,the shop would have occupied Volume 2 first and then moved to, or expanded into, the larger Volume 3. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 17 65 1956-1958 The exteriors and interiors of Volumes 1, 2, and 3 are extensively altered for commercial use, including window and door opening modifications; door and window replacement; addition of concrete block cladding to Volumes 1 and 3; and addition of the projecting porch. Fabric awnings are added to Volumes 1 and 3." 1957-1958: Electrical work in Volume 1 for occupant Claudette Pressman (Colbert)." 1958: Electrical work in Volume 1 for occupant Jolie Gabor." 1976: "Renewal of roofs and minor remodeling of Village Green Buildings" (unknown which buildings)." Upgrade of electrical and mechanical services to accommodate new air conditioner(unknown which buildings)." 1987 Flat roof of Volume 4 repaired in Volume 2 area, at location of air conditioning equipment.17 Occupant at that time: Gabrielle Dress Shop." 1988 Village Green landscaping altered: grading changed, fountain and brick plaza added, walkways altered, steps to Volume 1 reconfigured and ramp added to one side.19 1991 Minor interior alterations for conversion to Agua Caliente Cultural Museum: bathroom area altered, 10' long track light added, display areas and dioramas installed.ZO 1992 Major interior alterations for museum conversion: new opening with steps placed between Volumes 1 and 2, headers and partition walls added." 1995: Volume 3 tenant improvements for fudge-making shop with retail sales; alterations include addition of the current retail counters Palm Springs Historical Society photos of Jolie Gabor and other Village Green shops ca. 1958 and 1970;The Desert Sun,"Continental Charm Now Added to Village Green by New Shops,"28 November 1958,"Art Gallery to Open Today with Exhibit and Tea,"1 November 1956. "PSBD,Permit 8741,10/16/57;Permit 146,1/6/58. 1"PSBD,Permit 950,12/12/58. 1s PSBD,Permit B10409,8/17/76. 16 PSBD,Permit A8428,8/17/76;Permit M3960,8/17/76. 1'PSBD,Permit 11886,12/3/87. 1s Newspaper ads and historic photos show Gabrielle Dress Shop at 211 S.Palm Canyon Drive(Volume 3);it is unknown whether the business extended into Volume 2 at 215 S.Palm Canyon Drive,or if the permits just have the incorrect address. 9 Larry Boodry,"The Road to Fame Paved with Good Intentions,"The Desert Sun 19 February 1988. 20 PSBD,Permit B20264,3/21/91. 21 PSBD,Permit 23477,8/28/92. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23, 2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 18 66 and food preparation area, and may include addition of the dropped boxed ceiling and covering of the wood slats at the ceiling of the original volume,though the permit does not specify.22 1999: Volume 3 reroofed "per city project 9748, bid schedule C."21 2009: Existing non-lit sign removed from Volume 3; new internally lit can sign installed.24 In addition to the aforementioned alterations,ARG noted the following additional alterations to the rear(northwest)fa4ade of Volume 1 that are not documented in building permits, photographs, or other source materials. These alterations were identified by visual inspection of the building conducted by ARG staff on July 14, 2017. • Addition of projecting shed with vertically scored plywood cladding and double metal doors (attached to Volumes 1 and 4) • Addition of a sliding aluminum window • Addition of vertically scored plywood cladding • Addition of double fully glazed metal doors with security gate • Addition of pole ramada The aluminum window likely dates to the late 1950s-late 1960s, while the rest of the alterations most likely date to the volume's conversion into the Agua Caliente Cultural Museum in the early 1990s. zz PSBD,Permit 828886,5/31/95. s PSBD, Permit B37604,9/8/99. 24 PSBD, Permit C23998,4/24/09, Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 19 67 4. Historic Contexts 4.1 Hotel and Resort Development in Palm Springs, 1919- 1952�5 Originally inhabited by the people of the Cahuilla tribe, later known as the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians,Palm Springs was settled by European Americans starting with John Guthrie McCallum in the 1880s. While McCallum brought his family there for health reasons and envisioned a community that would draw other health-seekers, others focused first on its agricultural potential. The new inhabitants took advantage of the region's warm weather to grow produce which ripened sooner and could reach Los Angeles markets earlier in the season. However, the town's agricultural aspirations were short lived. A flood in 1894, followed by years of drought, devastated the local farming industry. By the early 1900s, Palm Springs' agricultural ambitions were overshadowed by its emergence as a resort destination, a quality that would come to define the desert city.26 New arrivals like Nellie Coffman shared McCallum's enthusiasm for the warm, dry climate, though they focused on developing Palm Springs as an exclusive winter resort for a well-heeled clientele rather than just a health destination for people seeking relief from physical ailments. In 1918,Coffman and her sons,George Roberson and Earl Coffman,converted their existing sanatorium of small tent cabins into the luxurious Desert Inn, on a parcel eventually covering 3S acres and fronting on Palm Canyon Drive (originally Main Avenue, until 1930).27 Over time, they transformed the Desert Inn into a lushly landscaped complex with a large main building,concrete bungalows,tennis courts, and the community's first swimming pool.21 It was a massive success, drawing a great deal of attention to the sleepy village of Palm Springs and triggering rapid commercial development that would continue to be resort-focused for decades to come. Two new hotel properties followed the Desert Inn's lead and became iconic destinations in their own right: Pearl McCallum McManus' Lloyd Wright-designed Oasis Hotel (completed 1924) and Prescott Thresher Stevens' Walker and Eisen- designed Hotel El Mirador(1928). The Oasis Hotel was particularly notable for its innovative Early Modern design and slip-form concrete construction method, distinguishing it from the more traditional Spanish Colonial Revival styles of the u The following historic background is closely patterned on the Palm Springs citywide historic context statement and uses its themes: Historic Resources Group, City of Palm Springs Historic Context Statement&Survey Findings(City of Palm Springs:Department of Planning Services,2016).The date range for the Hotel and Resort Development context is extended here to 1952,to reflect the time period relevant to the Oasis Hotel dining room building. 26 Alan Hess and Andrew Danish,Palm Springs Weekend:The Architecture of a Midcentury Oasis(San Francisco:Chronicle Books,2001),22-24, 2'Historic Resources Group,109. 2s ibid. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 20 68 Desert Inn and the El Mirador and announcing it as the future of Palm Springs architecture. The Desert Inn, El Mirador, and Oasis Hotel dominated Palm Springs's resort environment through the 1930s,drawing wealthy guests looking for desert warmth in the dead of winter.29 They served as resort hotels in every sense of the word, providing dining facilities and other services to the community at a time when Palm Springs had relatively few stand-alone restaurants and retail businesses. Taken by the leisurely atmosphere of the desert oasis, hotel patrons often considered buying a residence. Most of Palm Springs' early residents were prominent industrialists and Hollywood moguls who bought second homes in the town.The new residents' exclusive parties and various social occasions were often covered and popularized in the Los Angeles Times and other newspapers throughout the 1920S.30 A number of smaller hotels and resorts appeared to accommodate a wider variety of visitors; these included properties like Sunshine Court(1919),the Ramona Hotel(converted into the Palm Springs Hotel in 1921), the Del Tahquitz Hotel (1928), the Ingleside Inn (1935), and numerous small bungalow courts.31 The community's desirable climate meant that health resorts maintained a presence among the other hotels, with the best-known property being the Reid Solarium (later known as the Reid Clinic and Hospital).32 Many of the city's hotel and resort properties reflected a Spanish Colonial Revival style meant to evoke the mythical romance of old California, with the grander properties boasting ornate decorative elements, towers, and colonnades. As Palm Springs' resort economy grew and residential development continued, commercial operations appeared to cater to both seasonal and permanent residents. Most were concentrated along Main Avenue/Palm Canyon Drive, with commercial storefronts spreading north from Tahquitz Canyon Way (originally Spring Street)and south from there to a lesser degree.33 Local developer Julia Shaw Patterson Carrell's Carnell Building (1935) and La Plaza shopping center (1936) heralded a new era of commercial growth in the city. The concentration of businesses along Palm Canyon Drive made them easily accessible by the hotels lining the thoroughfare, as well as early residential developments directly adjacent to it. Nightclubs like the Chi Chi (1935) and private clubs like the Palm Springs Racquet Club (1933) and Pearl McManus' Tennis Club (1937) expanded the range of recreational opportunities available.31 Palm Springs and its resorts weathered the Great Depression in comparatively good shape; even the palatial El Mirador 29 Historic Resources Group, 58; Moya Henderson and the Palm Springs Historical Society, Palm Springs(San Francisco:Arcadia Publishing,2009),8. 3°Historic Resources Group,58-59. 31 ibid.,113. 32 Ibid.,120. 33Ibid.,109. 34Ibid., 114-115,150-151. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 21 69 survived thanks to its Hollywood clientele, who made it "one of the most prosperous, orgiastic symbols of extravagance in the midst of national poverty."" By the time Palm Springs incorporated in 1938, it had become famous worldwide as a "winter playground for Hollywood stars, European royalty and business tycoons, all who came to enjoy the endless sunshine and serenity of the desert."36 Most development halted during World War II, aside from the rapid improvement of Palm Springs Municipal Airport and the establishment of other military facilities like the Palm Springs Air Base. The famous El Mirador was converted to an Army hospital in 1942 and was maintained partially by Italian prisoners of war living in an adjacent detention camp.37 At war's end, Palm Springs was poised for the growth spurt that would change the face of the city's built environment, centered once again on hotel development. During the immediate postwar period, Palm Springs experienced a massive increase in both tourists and seasonal residents reflecting the general prosperity of the period. By 1951, the city's winter (peak) population had increased from 7,660 to almost 30,000.35 The year-round population also increased, not least because of the new availability of affordable air conditioning systems that ameliorated some of the summer's climate challenges. A number of new hotels appeared, ranging widely in size but almost uniformly boasting the latest Modern architectural styles designed by local architects as well as those from Los Angeles and across the region. The city's older hotels made dramatic upgrades to keep up with the pace of change. The El Mirador, back in private hands, saw major renovations by architect Paul R. Williams in association with the local firm Williams,Williams&Williams."Western Hotels, Inc., new owner of the Oasis Hotel, reconfigured the resort's expansive site plan in 1952 by removing some buildings at the north end of the property (the dining hall and McCallum Adobe, reclaimed by Pearl McManus and moved to the Village Green)and demolishing others(including the kitchen attached to the dining hall and a stand-alone office).This made way for a large new commercial building designed by Williams, Williams & Williams, as well as a broad expansion west across S. Belardo Road that featured guest quarters and a new restaurant designed in a flamboyant Modern style. In 1964, the Oasis Hotel added another Williams, Williams & Williams-designed volume to the western part of its property, today 31 Dennis McDougal and Mike Meenan, "It's Check-Out Time for Palm Springs' El Mirador," Los Angeles Times 27 July 1989,cited in Historic Resources Group,112. " Draft Santa Rosa and Son Jacinto Mountains National Monument Management Pion and Draft Environmental Impact Statement(U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Palm Springs-South Coast Field Office,March 2003),3-5. 37 Historic Resources Group,58. 38 Western Resort Publications,Palm Springs Area Yearbook(Palm Springs:Ferris H.Scott, 1954),16 cited in Historic Resources Group,162. 39 Historic Resources Group,272. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 22 70 much altered and part of the Palm Mountain Resort & Spa. The postwar changes to the Oasis Hotel were among many along Palm Canyon Drive at this time, as the thoroughfare saw the construction of Mid-Century Modern department stores, Googie restaurants, and New Formalist banks, along with other new projects on various scales. The postwar development of Palm Springs continued in full swing through the 1960s, resulting in the distinctive Modern built environment that continues to dominate the City's commercial, residential,and civic buildings to this day. 4.2 The Oasis Hotel In 1923, Palm Springs landowner Pearl McCallum McManus teamed with her husband Austin and Los Angeles architect Lloyd Wright to develop a hotel worthy of her pioneer father's vision for the city.She wanted a distinctive resort that would become a landmark to pay homage to John Guthrie McCallum and to draw guests to the small village of Palm Springs. McManus sited it at the location of her family's 1884 adobe house, nestled in a cottonwood and orange grove at the southwest cornerof Main Avenue(now S.Palm Canyon Drive)and Spring Street(nowTahquitz Canyon Way). The hotel that would gain fame as the Oasis Hotel was called the Hacienda before completion,and that is the name on all of Lloyd Wright's drawings for the property. A 1923 handwritten note for an unknown promotional purpose outlined McManus'goals for the hotel: NEW Hotel now under construction in Palm Springs. It is to be in fact a "Hacienda"with all the old traditional spirit of generous hospitality in sympathy with the great traditions of the century. The Hotel is the idea of Pearl McCallum McManus Builder and Owner whose father, Judge McCallum, founded Palm Springs and to whom this work is dedicated. Built with heavy concrete walls with towers and enclosed courts patios and pavillions, it will be a rugged and dignified monument to the work of Judge McCallum, one of the first lawmakers of California." Hiring Wright to design the hotel was a bit of a gamble for McManus; though he was an experienced and highly regarded architect and landscape architect, Wright had only completed a few residential designs since moving back to Los Angeles in 1919, and the Oasis was by far his largest project to date.41 Furthermore, his organic modern designs, expanding on the work of his famous father, would be a significant departure from the rustic ranch and romantic Spanish Colonial Revival 40 Author unknown, "Cut of 'Hacienda'" handwritten note, 1923, Lloyd Wright papers (Collection 1561)(UCLA Library Special Collections,Charles E.Young Research Library,UCLA). 41 Hess and Danish,27. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 23 ry / 1 architecture that dominated Palm Springs at that time. The hire was even risky in national terms, as discussed by historian Alan Hess: There was no precedent for using a distinctly Modern design for a resort anywhere in the country before the Oasis...Resorts contemporary to the Oasis, built for the burgeoning car tourism industry, boasted exotic, historically based designs like the Taos-inspired La Fonda by Rapp and Rapp in Santa Fe, or the rustic luxury of the Ahwahnee Lodge in Yosemite Park. The Oasis was boldly unique.42 Wright's design was unique indeed: a complex of attached buildings and landscaped courtyards dominated by a three-story concrete tower topping the main 20-room hotel volume.The complex had green lawns,flowering trees,shaded terraces, and a fountain creating a lush respite from the surrounding desert. The northern part of its Palm Canyon frontage was set back from the street and obscured by trees, while the southern part included integrated commercial storefronts attached to the main hotel building and set flush with the sidewalk." With its carefully landscaped,courtyard-focused site plan,the Oasis Hotel complex reflected the influence of historic Spanish forms as translated into a new organic modern idiom. Most of the complex's buildings, including an office, lobby, shops, and kitchen in addition to the main hotel, used an innovative "slip-form" concrete construction technique creating decorative joint lines left visible on the exterior walls. Other ornamentation included redwood slat grilles, stepped piers, and areas of abstract patterning in cast concrete.Although Rudolf Schindler was regarded as the first to use the slip-form construction method (as seen at his 1923 Pueblo Ribera apartments in San Diego),the Oasis Hotel design shows that Wright was also using the technique at the time.44 The concrete buildings reflected the architect's design aesthetic, using massive, exposed structural forms and naturalistic materials to create connections between the built environment and the site. Wright's form of organic expressionism sometimes incorporated indigenous-inspired design motifs to lend an Aztec- or Mayan-like feel to his buildings, and the Oasis Hotel (particularly its dramatically stepped tower) is one of the best examples. 42 Hess and Danish,31. 43 These storefronts are intact but were not included as part of the Class 1 designation for the Oasis Hotel and Tower(HSPB-10). 44 Hess and Danish,28. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 24 72 Lloyd Wright's Hacienda Hotel site plan,1923. Courtesy Palm Springs Historical Society. Hacienda Hotel rendering,1923. Courtesy UCLA Library Special Collections. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 25 73 Dining Hall sr Detail of the 1923 rendering showing the dining hall building.Base image courtesy McCallum A UCLA Library Special Collections. The resort's non-concrete buildings, at the north part of the property, included a wood-framed, gable-roofed dining hall volume; this volume's northeast corner attached to the 1884 McCallum Adobe house,which served as a lounge.The dining hall building also connected to a slip-form concrete kitchen building, covered terraces (including a pole-roofed ramada on the east fagade), and a covered walkway leading to the main hotel building. The majority of the dining hall's side facades consisted of repeating sets of French doors set into simple wood framing; the two end facades had expanses of vertical wood slat cladding that visually integrated the dining hall building with the wood grilles and balcony railings on the hotel building. The north facade (facing Spring Street/Tahquitz Canyon Way) also included stepped slip-form concrete at its corners,connecting it to the buildings on either side. This kind of juxtaposition of vertical wood slats and horizontal slip- formed concrete, seen in several areas of the overall complex, helped to unify the different building types into a harmonious composition, illustrating Wright's thoughtful use of natural materials. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 26 74 i7 F ;'. Ali✓ _-. ' ,�-= _ i J } Oasis Hotel dining hall west and south facades,view northeast,ca.1924. w Courtesy Palm Springs Historical +. Society. " s LIL s r Oasis Hotel dining hall north facade, - view south,ca. 1924.Courtesy 'y - Ak . . UCLA Library Special Collections. The 90-foot-long dining hall was a single, open space with exposed structural elements that gave it a pavilion-like feel and constituted the bulk of its ornamentation; these included exposed roof scissor trusses, wood slat ceilings, simple wood columns, and French doors on three sides.The building was designed to incorporate two standing cottonwood trees, which pierced the roof and Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 27 75 enhanced the hall's rustic feeling. Photographs show that the interior was further decorated with an open brazier, decorative fabric hangings, and dried desert shrubs tucked into the roof trusses. i Oasis Hotel dining hall interior,ca. 1924.Courtesy UCLA Library Special Collections. With its single open space,wood framing, exposed roof trusses,and incorporation of natural elements, the dining hall reflected the same aspects of Lloyd Wright's organic expressionist design philosophy that the massive concrete buildings did, just in a different medium. Its roof assembly was particularly emblematic of Wright's designs, hinting at the essentially all-roof Wayfarers Chapel to come nearly 30 years later.The building's scissor trusses reflect 30-60 degree angles,the same angles that occur in nature in snowflakes, crystals, and tree branches; like that of his father Frank Lloyd Wright, Lloyd Wright's organic designs consciously used these oblique angles whenever possible," The trusses' wood flanking elements extend below the gentler slope of the gabled roof at the same angles, helping to emphasize the roof structure as the interior's primary ornamentation. Both the Oasis Hotel dining hall and Wayfarers express, albeit on vastly different scales, Wright's devotion to exposed structure as a means to bring the outdoors inside. The completion of the Oasis Hotel in 1924 and official opening in 1925 was cause for much celebration,though the cost of the property's construction left McManus 9' National Register of Historic Places,Wayfarers Chapel, Rancho Palos Verdes, Los Angeles County, California,National Register#20050711. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 28 76 without sufficient funds to actually operate it. McManus leased the hotel to Los Angeles-based operator W.E. Han ner for several years,who successfully promoted it as a hotel that "combines beauty, recreation and creature comforts to a remarkable degree. A visit to this fascinating spot will be one long remembered, one whose haunting memories will ever be inviting a repetition.""The Oasis Hotel became a desirable destination for the movie stars, wealthy industrialists, and tastemakers who shaped Palm Springs as a winter destination during the 1920s. In 1927, McManus sold the hotel to Hobart Garlick and his wife Isabel, prompting a letter to Garlick from Lloyd Wright, who was apparently unsatisfied with the way the project had turned out: ...I learn you have taken over the Oasis Hotel and understand you intend to develop it properly and thoroly [sic]. Having designed the group I am particularly interested in its fate and obviously would like the opportunity to properly develop and complete it. The Hotel having changed hands, I am now at liberty to call attention to the fact that it was built at a remarkably low cost. For obvious reasons an opposite position has been maintained by the owners for general consumption. Through lack of funds and vision additions and repairs required to make it a practical and livable hotel have been neglected. May I have the privilege of a conference with you in the near future." It is unknown exactly what Wright had in mind, or whether any of the proposed additions and repairs took place during the Garlicks' tenure. The full extent of Wright's involvement with the property's 1920s design is unclear in one other respect: in 1925, the Oasis added a second unit, comprising a large two-story building at the northwest corner of the parcel that added about 28 guest rooms to the existing 22.^8 This building does not appear on any original drawings and it is unknown whether it was designed by Wright. The 1926 Sanborn map does not show it as concrete construction,so it is assumed to have been wood-framed with stucco or wood cladding. The Garlicks brought the Oasis Hotel to even greater success and wide recognition, operating it for over a decade with the help of assistant manager George Linde. Isabel died of a prolonged illness in 1937, and Hobart committed suicide on the premises in 1940.' "Oasis Hotel promotional booklet,Lloyd Wright papers,UCLA. ^'Wright letter to Hobart Garlick(8 April 1927), Lloyd Wright papers,UCLA. ^a"Oasis Hotel,Palm Springs,Calif."Typewritten notes on construction of first and second units, 20 November 1929,Lloyd Wright papers,UCLA;Sanborn Map Company,1926. 49 Wenzell,"The Garlicks Built Up Oasis Hotel." Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 29 77 Linde and his wife took over management of the property after Garlick's death;the ownership of the hotel at the time is unclear. The Uncles added a swimming pool and two guest cottages to the complex in early 1941.50 The property was briefly owned by Mrs. Dudley Alberts and her son J.H. Alberts, who sold it to Dewey Metzdorf, senior vice president of Western Hotels Inc., in 1944.51 The Alberts' manager George Thompson stayed on, and later became a part owner with Metzdorf.52 In 1952, Metzdorf sold the hotel to his own company.Western Hotels, Inc. wished to increase the property's commercial potential, and to that end had the firm Williams,Williams&Williams(in association with Clark and Frey) design a two story non-hotel buildingforthe parcel's northeast corner. It also expanded the Oasis to the west, constructing new guest quarters and a new dining room/restaurant. The changes necessitated the removal or demolition of several buildings, including the dining hall and McCallum Adobe. Having reserved the right to the buildings, Pearl McManus moved these buildings from their original location to what is now the Village Green, a block to the south. The Former Oasis Hotel Dining Hall at the Village Green Pearl McManus had obvious sentimental reasons for moving her family's historic adobe home to the nascent Village Green (one of her many holdings fronting on Palm Canyon Drive)in 1952. Her move of the Oasis Hotel dining hall building to the same property appears to have been for purely commercial reasons. McManus had a keen sense of how she wanted Palm Springs to grow and change, and she saw the establishment of Palm Canyon Drive as a popular shopping destination as key to its postwar success. Village Green, first referred to as such in 1953, was one of her earliest retail ventures on Palm Canyon; its open lawn encircled by a hodgepodge of small repurposed buildings represented a transition between the genteel, rustic Palm Springs of the 1920s and 1930s and the bustling city of the space age.53 McManus planned the Village Green as an indoor-outdoor marketplace for arts and crafts and western shops, "with the old adobe as the center of interest...in that immediate and compact area" to tell the story of her family's founding of Palm Springs.54 The adobe had to be carefully disassembled and then reassembled brick by brick at the new site. The Oasis Hotel dining hall appears to have been cut into three pieces for the move, and at least two of the pieces (today's Volume 1 and Volume 2)were placed at their current locations in 1952.55 The third piece(today's so The Desert Sun,"Oasis Hotel Completes Improvement Program,"14 February 1941. s'The Desert Sun,"Hotel,The Oasis,Bought by Hotel Man from Alaska,"7 April 1944. sz Wenzell,'The Garlicks Built Up Oasis Hotel;"The Desert Sun, "Hotel The Oasis Re-Opens for New Season Wednesday,"3 November 1944. "The Desert Sun, "Hostess House to Open Monday in Historic Old McCallum Adobe,"24 December 1953. 54 Ibid. ss Palm Springs Building Department(PSBD),Permit 5506,9/22/52, Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 30 Volume 3) may have been moved there at the same time, but several contemporaneous newspaper articles state that the "former Oasis Hotel dining room" (clearly only a portion of it given the 1952 presence of Volumes 1 and 2 at the Village Green) had been donated by McManus to the new Palm Valley School for use as a dining hall.56 Volume 3 is the most likely candidate. Historic photographs of the private school's buildings at that time show multiple gable- roofed wood buildings, several of which could have been Volume 3.57 Whether it was moved with the other two pieces or a year or two later,Volume 3 was present at its current location by 1955 at the latest. In the earliest Village Green years,Volume 1 was used as a chapel and retail space, usually listed at the address 219 S. Palm Canyon Drive.The attached Volume 2 was used for one or more retail occupants,with the address 211 S. Palm Canyon Drive. Volume 3 also contained retail occupants,with the same address as Volume 2;the 215 S. Canyon Drive address does not seem to have been used by Volume 2 occupants until the 1970s. In 1953, the Volume 4 concrete block addition was constructed to help attach Volumes 1 and 2 and provide space for a kitchen and bathroom." The extent of other alterations to the dining hall volumes upon their initial move is unknown; most of the exterior alterations that resulted in their current appearance(including the matching concrete block kneewall on Volumes 1 and 3) likely happened between 1956 and 1958. In 1956, McManus started using the McCallum Adobe as an art gallery for the Desert Art Center and Volume 2 as an art supply store for the same organization.59 Originally established in Cathedral City,the Desert Art Center opened a Palm Springs branch on N. Palm Canyon Dr. in 1955 and apparently used the Village Green buildings as a secondary location providing indoor-outdoor exhibit space. se The Desert Sun,"Twenty Entered at Palm Valley School""Modern Cafeteria Feature" 57 See The Desert Sun,Aerial photo,21 September 1953 p.4;Photo,1 October 1953 p.4. 58 PSBD,Permit 6466,11/4/53. 59 The Desert Sun, "Art Gallery to Open Today with Exhibit and Tea," 1 November 1956;ads for art supplies at 211 S.Palm Canyon Drive and art exhibit at 223 S.Palm Canyon Drive,29 November 1956. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 31 79 Village Green in tl 1958(Oasis Hotel volumes at right). The Desert Sun, 11/28/58. The Village Green buildings remained a collection of eclectic local craft shops and Desert Art Center facilities until 1958. In that year, Pearl McManus unveiled a new continental theme for the complex,with its former Oasis Hotel dining hall volumes sporting new awnings and a unified white paint scheme.A new filigreed entry gate appeared at the (completely open on either side) entrance to the green, and highbrow tenants like Jolie Gabor's Pearl Salon, Madelyn Fio Rito Italian Imports, Le Rouge Interior Designs, and an espresso shop joined the McCallum Adobe and the resolutely rustic Marge Riley's Western Shop.60 The complex maintained the same general look,with tenant turnover and minor exterior repairs and alterations, for over a decade. In 1970,the McCallum Desert Foundation (which managed McManus'estate after her 1966 death) donated Village Green and its buildings to the City of Palm Springs for use as a city park.The complex began shifting from a retail complex to a heritage park operated by the Palm Springs Historical Society,aided by the 1979 addition of the Cornelia White house and the repurposing of the McCallum Adobe as a museum. In 1987, Ruddy's General Store (a modern building)was added.The next year, the City altered the Village Green's landscaping to add a fountain and brick plaza celebrating the 50th anniversary of incorporation; the work changed the grading and walkways as well. The former dining hall buildings continued to be used primarily for retail purposes,with some office tenants, until Volumes 1 and 2 were converted to the Agua Caliente Museum in 1991-1992. The early to mid- 1990s saw the majority of the property's interior alterations since the 1950s,with major alterations for the museum spaces and for the fudge shop that has occupied Volume 3 since 1995.61 Exterior alterations seem to have been limited to 60 The Desert Sun, "Continental Charm Now Added to Village Green by New Shops," 28 November 1958. 61 PSBD,Permit 23477,8/28/92,Permit B28886,5/31/95. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 32 80 removal/change of awnings, paint color changes, roof material replacement, and signage updates. As of 2017, the former Oasis Hotel dining hall volumes continue to be owned by the City of Palm Springs, and occupied by two tenants: the Agua Caliente Cultural Museum and Palm Springs Fudge and Chocolates. The building's exterior is nearly unrecognizable as a component of the historic hotel, though its interior retains original elements like exposed scissor trusses, chamfered corners, and wood slat ceilings as striking evidence of Lloyd Wright's innovative design. 4.3 Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright, Jr. (more commonly known as Lloyd Wright) was born on March 21, 1890 in Oak Park, Illinois to Catherine Lee Tobin and prolific architect Frank Lloyd Wright. His mother,who ran a nursery school in their home,introduced Lloyd to art, music, and drama at an early age.As a teenager, Lloyd was exposed to the creativity and intensity of his father's Oak Park studio, where he learned from some of his father's most talented associates,including Marion Mahony Griffin and William Drummond. From 1907 to 1909, Wright attended the University of Wisconsin, Madison, where he majored in engineering and agronomy, played in chamber music groups,and rowed on the crew team.His time at the university was cut short when he received an invitation from his father to join him in Italy(where _ the elder Frank had escaped with the wife of one of his clients).62 Though angry at his father, Lloyd agreed to travel to Italy and help his father develop the drawings that came to comprise the highly-regarded Wasmuth portfolio,published in Europe in 1910.61 Upon returningto the United States,Lloyd Wright was determined to make a name for himself. After briefly working at the Harvard Herbarium in Boston, he was hired by Olmsted and Olmsted,the renowned landscape architecture firm that designed New York's Central Park and originated landscape design in America.61 In 1911, Wright moved to California with the Olmsted brothers to assist in designing the landscape of the Panama-California Exposition in San Diego. In 1912,the Olmsteds resigned from their work on the Exposition, upset that Bertram Goodhue, rather than noted San Diego architect Irving Gill, had been appointed as chief designer of the Exposition. Wright resigned from his duties at the Exposition as well and took up practice with Irving Gill. Gill gave Wright full control over the landscape designs of his architectural commissions.Together,Wright and Gill designed a plan for the "Thomas S.Hines,"The Blessing and the Curse:The Achievement of Lloyd Wright,"in Lloyd Wright: The Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright,Jr.,ed.Cathryn Drake(New York:Harry N.Abrams,Inc.,1998), 13. 63 Ernest 0. Martin, The Beauty of Holiness: Story of the Wayfarers Chapel (Virginia Beach: The Donning Company Publishers,2007),19. 64 National Register of Historic Places,Wayfarers Chapel, Rancho Palos Verdes, Los Angeles County, California,National Register#20050711. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 33 81 City of Torrance, in south Los Angeles County. When work at Gill's office slowed in the mid-1910s, Wright partnered with Paul Thiene, a colleague from the Olmsted firm. Along with creating the garden designs of several residences, Wright and Thiene developed the landscape design for the La Brea Tar Pits, including the original prehistoric animal sculptures at the site.6s In 1916, Lloyd set up his own practice in downtown Los Angeles. It was during this time that he became a set designer at Paramount Pictures, creating a number of classical and medieval sets. During World War I, Wright, along with his new wife, actress Kira Markham, moved to the East Coast to work as a draftsman for the Standard Aircraft and Curtis Aircraft companies. While there, he created sets for the well-established theater group the Provincetown Players on Cape Cod.66 In 1919, after his marriage to Kira had begun to fail, Wright moved back to Los Angeles to assist his father with the landscape design for the Hollyhock House(one of Frank Lloyd Wright's most celebrated works of his career).67 Lloyd continued to work with his father on a number of projects, including the Doheny Ranch Resort (1923), before venturing out on his own again. By the early 1920s, Lloyd was employing new and innovative construction methods in his residential designs. Though he drew inspiration from some of this father's design principles, Lloyd applied his own unique point of view to his creations. His use of the "knit-block" system (in which double walls of four-inch-thick blocks are tied together by steel rods) in the Henry Bollman house (Hollywood, 1922), and "slip-form" concrete construction in the Oasis Hotel and the Martha Taggart House (Los Angeles, 1922; Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument #521), exemplified Wright's creative construction techniques.68 Wright became known for his Expressionist designs, through which he blended modern architectural modes and construction materials with indigenous design motifs.Some of his most notable examples include the Sowden House(Los Angeles, 1926; Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument #762), the Derby House (Los Angeles, 1926), and the Samuel-Novarro House (Los Angeles, 1928; Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument #130).69 Although the Oasis Hotel was one of his earliest large commissions and reflected his Expressionist design philosophy, it is less well-known than his residential work due to the 1950s alterations to the complex; the construction of the new Oasis commercial building largely obscured the hotel's primary facade, visible now only through a walkway between the two buildings. 6s Hines,15. 66 Hines,15-16. 67 Martin,20. 68 Hines,19-21. 69 Hines,21. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 34 82 In the late 1920s,Wright was commissioned to design the stage for the Hollywood Bowl.Though he created two acoustically successful shells for the Bowl, both were replaced(for different reasons)with a design by Allied Architects,which lacked the fine acoustical qualities of Wright's creations. Despite his misgivings with the Hollywood Bowl project and his unchosen forward-thinking design for the Los Angeles Civic Center, Wright's career flourished through the 1920s.70 Many of his residential works were published in magazines such as Popular Mechanics, Architectural Record, and California Arts and Architecture.71 In 1926, Lloyd married actress Helen Taggart. Lloyd and Helen met in Los Angeles theater circles in the early 1920s, and Helen recommended that her mother, Martha Taggart, commission Lloyd to design her house (which he did in 1922). Helen Taggart once had a home in Palm Springs,during her previous marriage,and it is likely that her connection to the city had something to do with Pearl McManus hiring Wright to design her Oasis Hotel.72 Helen brought her son Rupert from a previous marriage with her, whom Lloyd gladly accepted as his stepson. In 1929, Helen and Lloyd had their own son, Eric Lloyd Wright,who would go on to become an established architect and landscape designer as well. With the 1929 stock market crash and the onset of the Great Depression,Wright's commissions began to wane. Most of his projects during this time were smaller residences and lacked the creativity of his earlier works. One exception was his design forthe Griffith ranch house(Woodland Hills, 1936),a prelude to the postwar California Ranch style, and through which Wright revived his talent for integrating landscape and dwelling through trellises, porches, and garden elements.73 In the late 1930s, Wright received commissions for two federally sponsored Los Angeles Housing projects. In both Aliso Village and Ramona Gardens, Wright's main contributions were to the landscape designs.74 Wright obtained what many consider to be his most noted commission in the postwar era for the design of Wayfarers Chapel in Rancho Palos Verdes,California. Following its completion in 1951, the chapel received recognition for its organic, yet indisputably modern design.In an interview with the Los Angeles Times,Wright explained that "in this modern age of glass we can turn outward to the beauty of the world, to the tree groves which were Man's first chapels."75 Wright integrated natural as well as modern materials to create a structure that was open to and effortlessly blended with its surrounding environment.This contrasted greatly with traditional churches,which were largely separated from their outside environment J0 Hines,27-28. J'Hines,22-23. 72 Hess and Danish,27. 73 Hines,31. 70.Hines,33. 75 "Glass Chapel Challenges Church Designs of the Past: Modernistic Edifice in Palos Verdes Hills Readied for Formal Dedication May 13,"Los Angeles Times,29 April 1951,B1, Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 35 83 by thick walls and lack of natural light. In 1952, Wayfarers Chapel was included in the Museum of Modern Art's exhibition titled "Built in the USA: Post-War Architecture," and in 1956, it was chosen as one of the 18 most excellent church buildings in America by the National Council of Churches' Commission on Architecture. Wright continued to serve as the chapel's consulting architect, later along with his son, Eric, up to his death in 1978. ire Wayfarers Chapel, Rancho Palos Verdes,California. ARG,2015. As in the 1920s, single-family residences comprised many of Wright's projects in the postwar era.Wright's designs during this period still represented his own brand of Expressionism. Projects such as the Moore House (Palos Verdes, 1956), the Bowler House (Palos Verdes, 1963),and the Lombardi House (Palos Verdes, 1965), represented a blending of space age imagery and organic architectural philosophy through their spatial configurations, oblique angles, sweeping rooflines, and natural materials.76 In 1966, the Architects and Engineers Service Building Center in Los Angeles presented an exhibit on Wright's work titled, Five Decades of Living Architecture: Lloyd Wright, Architect, and in 1971, an exhibit on Wright was displayed at the University of California, Santa Barbara titled Lloyd Wright: 20" Century Architecture in an Organic Exhibition. In Wright's later years, he became involved in Los Angeles' burgeoning preservation movement, helping to prevent the demolition of buildings such as Bertram Goodhue's Los Angeles Public Library (1926), and guiding the restoration of some of his father's works, including the Storer and Hollyhock houses in Los Angeles. Weakened from a long battle with pneumonia, Lloyd Wright died of a heart attack on May 31, 1978. Though often overshadowed by his prodigious father, Lloyd Wright proved successful at creating his own unique designs, 76 Hines,34. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 36 84 incorporating innovative construction techniques while maintaining a sense of place and harmony with the surrounding environment. 4.4 Pearl McCallum McManus Pearl McCallum was born in 1879 in San Francisco to John Guthrie McCallum and Emily McCallum. Her father was an Indiana native who came to prominence as a lawyer and political figure in San Francisco; he first moved his family to Southern California to serve as Indian agent in San Bernardino, and in 1884 made another move to the Coachella Valley, settling near the Cahuilla village of Agua Caliente in 1884. The McCallum family, who hoped the desert climate would improve the health of their tubercular son Johnny, were the first Euroamerican settlers in the area that would become Palm Springs. Pearl McCallum was the youngest of the five McCallum children (and the only one who would live past the age of 30) and later said she fell in love with the desert on this very first trip." The family established a ranch centered on their new home, a small adobe building sited near a creek, and John McCallum pursued land development as well as ranching.7B Employing members of the local Cahuilla tribe, McCallum built a ditch system, planted alfalfa, grapes, oranges, and apricots, and began to buy up property; he also founded the Palm Valley Water Company. 79 He eventually consolidated thousands of acres and worked hard to promote his vision of a new community called Palm Valley. McCallum envisioned Palm Valley(soon to become known as Palm Springs) as a haven for anyone seeking a climatic cure for respiratory health problems. The McCallums also established a residence in the West Adams neighborhood of Los Angeles, where Emily McCallum and the children spent much of their time and Pearl attended school. The family met with a number of tragedies in the 1890s, including the deaths of two sons,water use issues,and a flood and massive drought that wiped out the ranch's plantings and caused many in Palm Valley to abandon their holdings.John McCallum died in 1897, but not before admonishing his three surviving children to "pay the taxes...hold onto the land."80 Pearl took that request to heart, and dedicated much of her adult life to fulfilling her father's vision of a new community in the desert. "Renee Brown, "Pearl McCallum McManus Continued Fathers Legacy," The Desert Sun, 7 March 2015. 7e The McCallums'1884 home was later incorporated into the 1924 Oasis Hotel complex and moved to its current location at Village Green Heritage Park in 1952;it is designated as a City of Palm Springs Class 1 Historic Site and is known to be the oldest building in the city. " Palm Springs Life, "The McCallum Centennial—Palm Springs' Founding Family," April 1984, reprinted 19 August 2010. 80 Poim Springs Life,"The McCallum Centennial" Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 37 85 Following McCallum's death, surviving son Harry tried to keep his father's Palm Springs interests alive while Pearl returned from school in Chicago to care for their ailing mother in Los Angeles; Harry died in 1901. In dire financial straits, Pearl and Emily moved back to the family adobe in Palm Springs.After Emily McCallum died in 1914, Pearl assumed control of the family's land holdings, which by then comprised between 5,000 and 6,000 acres, and committed herself to Palm Springs.81 She married Pasadena real estate agent Austin G. McManus and the two moved into the family adobe. They established Pioneer Realty, with Pearl as president and Austin as secretary, and proceeded to develop the family holdings (as well as new property) into a "real estate dynasty."82 In a prescient move, Pearl "insisted on making the deeds to her properties reversible for architectural reasons,putting restrictive covenants on the use of the land she sold."83 A covenant of this type gave her the right to salvage the Oasis Hotel dining hall building and the McCallum Adobe when Western Hotels, Inc. decided to construct a new commercial building at their location in 1952. Pearl McManus's 1924 establishment of the Oasis Hotel on the original McCallum homestead heralded a new era in Palm Springs development, one that set a high standard for commercial architecture and resort hotels in the city. Her other properties, including the Tennis Club(1937, remodeled 1947), multiple apartment buildings(including the first in Palm Springs,the ca. 1923 La Hacienda),and housing developments like Tahquitz River Estates (1947) were crucial shapers in the development of Palm Springs' built environment from the 1920s through the 1940s.McManus saw herself as a guiding force in the development of Palm Springs, and used her quickly expanding finances and influence to ensure the city grew in the right direction. McManus was particularly instrumental in the development of Palm Canyon Drive as a shopping destination during the post-World War II period.She owned much of the frontage along the thoroughfare, and was careful about whom she sold it to and for what purpose; her overall goal was developing Palm Canyon as a high-end shopping district, and to that end she selected buyers and projects that would produce architecturally notable properties like Robinson's department store (1958).84 As The Desert Sun noted, The beautiful building on Palm Canyon at Baristo, built by Mrs. McManus and leased to Robinson's for 25 years, is concrete evidence of the philosophy which its owner has built up over the years. It is a philosophy which has kept her from disposing of her property in small plots for just 81 Renee Brown, "Pearl McCallum McManus Helped Shape Palm Springs," The Desert 5un, 29 April 2016. 82 Brown,"Helped Shape Palm Springs" 83 ibid. 84 The Desert Sun,"Pearl McManus Sells'Big Corner'for Saks Store,"21 February 1958;"Progress of City Is Aim of Village's First Lady,"9 January 1958. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 38 o r Q6 any kind of commercial venture, holding it instead for something that will be good for Palm Springs. "It doesn't cost any more to design something beautiful than something ordinary," Mrs. McManus always says, and this pioneer citizen has consistently put the love of the Village and consideration for its future ahead of more mundane considerations.85 Regarding McManus's sale of a large parcel at Palm Canyon Drive and Ramon Road to developers planning to build the Saks Palm Springs department store, The Desert Sun reported: During the past decade Mrs. McManus has refused many offers for this valuable piece of property, preferring to hold it and pay thousands of dollars in taxes, until something big came along that she considered an asset to the Village. In discussing the sale with a Desert Sun reporter, Mrs. McManus said that she feels this is one more step toward establishing Palm Canyon Drive as one of the smart shopping centers of the world. One of the largest property owners in Palm Springs, it is generally recognized that Mrs. McManus' insistence on nothing but the best has helped mould Palm Springs into the smart growing city it is today.H6 One of McManus' first commercial ventures on Palm Canyon Drive reflected a mix of the rustic Palm Springs of earlier times and the burgeoning high-end goals of the postwar period. This was the property to which she moved the McCallum Adobe and the Oasis Hotel dining hall volumes, first referred to as the Village Green in 1953Y Its development is discussed above. Thanks to her judicious sale of valuable parcels during the postwar period, Pearl McManus grew even wealthier and more influential. As historian Renee Brown put it, "She entertained lavishly many of the world's leading social and financial figures. There were many who feared,and a few who genuinely loved Pearl McManus, but there was none who secretly did not admire and respect the fierce lady sitting in her pink mansion upon the hillside."" McManus expanded her existing philanthropic efforts in the last decades of her life to help local organizations from the Palm Springs Woman's Club to the Pathfinders. Before her death in 1966, she created the McCallum Desert Foundation in memory of her father, ensuring that ss The Desert Sun,"Progress of City." B6 The Desert Sun,"Sells'Big Corner'." g'The Desert Sun,"Hostess House to Open." 68 Brown,"Helped Shape Palm Springs" Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 39 87 her estate would continue to help the institutions of her beloved Palm Springs long after she was gone. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 40 88 5. Regulations and Criteria for Evaluation 5.1 City of Palm Springs Historic Site The City of Palm Springs administers a local designation program in which individual properties and concentrations of properties can be designated as Historic Sites and Historic Districts, respectively. The designation of Historic Sites and Districts is governed by Title 8, Chapter 8.05,Article III (Procedure for Designation of Historic Sites or Districts) of the Palm Springs Municipal Code, which establishes and authorizes a seven-member Palm Springs Historic Site Preservation Board (HSPB) to identify, nominate and recommend potential historic sites or districts to the City Council. To facilitate this process, the Ordinance establishes requirements that a property must meet in order to qualify for designation as a historic site.89 Per the Municipal Code, a Historic Site is defined as "a building; a structure, including but not limited to archways, tiled areas and similar elements; an archaeological excavation or object that is unique or significant because of its location,design,setting, materials,workmanship or aesthetic effect."90 A property may be designated a Historic Site if it satisfies one or more of the following seven evaluative criteria: 1. It is associated with events that have made a meaningful contribution to the nation,state or community;or 2. It is associated with lives of persons who made meaningful contributions to national, state or local history;or 3. It reflects or exemplifies a particular period of the national, state or local history;or 4. It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction; or 5. It represents the work of a master builder, designer, artist, or architect whose individual genius influenced his age; or that possesses high artistic value; or 6. It represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or 89 The City of Palm Springs is also a designated Certified Local Government (CLG), which is a preservation partnership between the National Park Service (NPS),the State Historic Preservation Offices (SHPOs) and local communities with a goal to create local commitments to historic preservation. 90 City of Palm Springs Municipal Code, 8.05.020 — Historic Preservation, General Provisions, Definitions. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2D17 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 41 89 7. It has yielded or may be likely to yield information important to national, state or local history or prehistory.91 In order for a property to qualify as a City of Palm Springs Historic Site, it must not only be significant under one or more criteria but also retain integrity, which the National Park Service defines as "the ability of a property to convey its significance."92 While the City of Palm Springs Historic Sites Ordinance does not explicitly include language about integrity, it does state that a historic site's uniqueness and significance can be determined through its location, design, setting, materials, workmanship or aesthetic effect.93 In nominating historic sites to the local register, the City of Palm Springs follows guidelines on integrity established bythe National Park Service forthe National Register of Historic Places. The National Register has identified seven aspects of integrity as follows: 1. Location: the place where the historic property was constructed or the place where the historic event occurred. 2. Design: the combination of elements that create the form, plan, space, structure,and style of a property. 3. Setting:the physical environment of a historic property. 4. Materials:the physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period of time and in a particular pattern or configuration to form a historic property. 5. Workmanship:the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period in history or prehistory. 6. Feeling: a property's expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular period of time. 7. Association:the direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property. To convey historic integrity, a property will possess several, if not most, of these aspects.94 Should a property satisfy one or more of the aforementioned criteria and retain integrity, it is categorized into one of the following classifications by the Palm Springs City Council: 91 City of Palm Springs Municipal Code,8.05.020. 92 National Park Service,Notional Register Bulletin#15:How to Apply the National Register Criteria For Evaluation(Washington D.C.:U.S.Department of Interior,1990),44. 91 City of Palm Springs Municipal Code,8.05.020. 94 National Park Service,National Register Bulletin#15,44. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 42 Class 1. Structure/site qualified for city designation; may be qualified at the federal,state and/or county level... (Intended for use when the structure or site still exists as it did during the historical period or is restorable). Class 2.Site qualified for city designation; may be qualified at the federal,state and/or county level... (Intended for use when the site is not occupied by a modern structure or use which is different than that of the historical period or if structure is unusable, nonconforming, unrestorable, or the like). Class 3.Structure/site was constructed before 1969,or a yearto be determined by the City Council, or construction date cannot be confirmed. Eligible for a six- month stay of demolition.95 Class 1 Historic Site designation serves as the highest level of local designation in Palm Springs, ensuring that a "structure/site may not be modified nor objects removed without approval of the city council," while its usage may also be regulated or limited to "the extent that it may impair the integrity of the site."96 In most cases, local designation applies only to the exterior features of properties, but the Palm Springs municipal code states that the interior features of designated public buildings may be regulated: The historic site preservation board shall consider and pass upon only the exterior features of a structure and may not consider the interior arrangement of the structure, except in the case of public buildings.97 This means that the interiors of public buildings (including places like government buildings, libraries, and museums) may be considered and addressed when evaluating properties for eligibility under City of Palm Springs criteria. vs City of Palm Springs Municipal Code,8.05.125—Created by Council. 96Ibid. 97 City of Palm Springs Municipal Code,8.05.195. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 43 6. Evaluation of Significance 6.1 Previous Surveys and Designations The property at 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive has not been formally designated at the local,state,or federal level. In its City of Palm Springs Citywide Historic Context Statement and Survey Findings report drafted 2015-2016,Historic Resources Group (HRG) identified 219 S. Palm Canyon Drive as a potential historic resource. A footnote in the historic context statement further notes "Several interior features [of the Oasis Hotel dining room]were relocated to the ACBCI Cultural museum and the Ice Cream shop at the Village Green Park. These features were not evaluated as part of the survey, as interiors are outside the scope of the project; however, the City could consider local designation."98 A portion of the Oasis Hotel still standing on its original site has been designated a Class 1 Historic Site (Oasis Hotel and Tower, designated as HSPB-10 in 1985), but the moved dining hall property is,not included in that designation. Neither is the easternmost part of the original hotel building, containing Palm Canyon Drive- fronting commercial storefronts that are an integral and original part of Lloyd Wright's design for the Oasis Hotel. 6.2 City of Palm Springs Historic Site Upon evaluation of 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive against City of Palm Springs Historic Site eligibility criteria, ARG finds that the property appears eligible for listing as a Palm Springs Class 1 Historic Site, as follows: Criterion 1:It is associated with events that have made a meaningful contribution to the notion, state or community. The property at 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive is not associated with a singular event that has made a meaningful contribution to the nation,state, or community. Research did not indicate that any significant events occurred at the subject property, either at its original location or its current location.Therefore,ARG does not find the subject property eligible as a Class 1 Historic Site under City of Palm Springs Criterion 1. Criterion 2: It is associated with lives of persons who mode meaningful contributions to national, state or local history. 98 Historic Resources Group, City of Palm Springs Citywide Historic Context Statement & Survey Findings(City of Palm Springs:Department of Planning Services,2016),272. Oasis Hntel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 44 92 The subject property was originally owned by Pearl McCallum McManus, an early pioneer and major shaper of Palm Springs who is significant for her meaningful contributions to local history.She commissioned the construction of the 1924 Oasis Hotel complex, and retained the rights to move the dining room building (along with the McCallum Adobe) in 1952 when the hotel's owner decided to construct a new building at their location. McManus owned a number of parcels along Palm Canyon Drive, and moved the subject property to one of them;she envisioned the repurposed building as part of a retail commercial complex that would help draw visitors and shoppers to the burgeoning retail district. Pearl McManus owned a number of commercial and residential properties in Palm Springs,some of which, like her"pink mansion" personal residence,the McCallum Adobe, and her beloved Tennis Club, were more directly and substantially associated with her. However, her mansion is no longer extant and the condition of most of her other major properties, excepting the extant Tennis Club, is unknown. The property at 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive has a well-documented association with McManus. Although it has experienced major alterations, the most prominent were directed by McManus herself, in the service of repurposing the building for new uses. Among the building's significant characteristics is a handwritten "McManus"signature on the underside of a roof truss at Volume 3. McManus' enduring attachment to this building reflects both her regard for Lloyd Wright's architectural design and the ruthless practicality for which she was known, best manifested in her covenants retaining some rights to buildings like these after selling them. Her establishment, moving, reconfiguring, and repurposing of the Oasis Hotel dining room building is also a clear indication of her vision for Palm Springs commercial development as it evolved from the resort hotel-focused 1920s to the Palm Canyon retail-focused 1950s. Because of the subject property's strong association with significant individual Pearl McManus, ARG finds the property eligible as a Class 1 Historic Site under City of Palm Springs Criterion 2. Criterion 3. It reflects or exemplifies a particular period of the national, state or local history. When it was at its original location,the Oasis Hotel dining hall clearly exemplified the resort-focused commercial development of Palm Springs during the 1920s. However, its move to the Village Green in the early 1950s severed its association with that pattern of development. Furthermore,the extensive exterior alterations it endured as part of its repurposing into retail space greatly reduced its ability to convey its association with 1920s development. At its new location and with its new function,the building was part of a general 1950s push to turn S. Palm Canyon Drive into a glamorous shopping destination. However, the bulk of the 1950s development focused on the construction of new Mid-Century Modern buildings and the renovating of older buildings to reflect this newer idiom.While 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive and the Village Green in general were clearly associated with Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 45 93 Pearl McManus' 1950s commercial endeavors as discussed above, the building does not exemplify this particular period of local history on a broader scale. As a result, ARG finds the property not eligible as a Class 1 Historic Site under City of Palm Springs Criterion 3. Criterion 4: It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction. The subject property was originally part of the Oasis Hotel complex, parts of which embodied the distinctive characteristics of the slip-form concrete construction method pioneered by master architects Rudolf Schindler and Lloyd Wright. The dining hall was not constructed using this method, but instead was wood-framed and had a gabled roof with a scissor truss system. This type and method of construction is not unusual or distinctive, but leaving the complex truss system exposed on the building interior is both. Although the building was moved to a different location in 1952 and experienced extensive alterations changing its overall layout and exterior appearance,a substantial portion of its interior is intact. The building's interior may be considered in the evaluation of its eligibility under local criteria because this City-owned property is considered a public building." The interior's exposed scissor truss roof system, which incorporates 30 and 60 degree angles as seen in natural forms like snowflakes,crystals,and tree branches, reflects a type of architectural thinking which was still relatively new in the early 1920s: the early Modern view that structure should also serve as ornament. This idea was derived partly from practitioners like Frank Lloyd Wright,who emphasized the importance of natural materials and organic form.The purposeful revealing of structure was embodied in the work of Lloyd Wright, as well as California contemporaries like Schindler and Richard Neutra, and represented a clear break from the Period Revival idiom in vogue at the time. The exposed interior roof system of the dining hall building reflects a critically important period of early experimentation with Modern ideas (as well as the individual genius of Lloyd Wright, discussed below), and embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type and period of construction. Despite its many alterations, the subject property retains enough of its original interior elements to strongly convey its historical appearance and its association with early Modernism. As a result, ARG finds the property eligible under City of Palm Springs Criterion 4. Criterion 5:It represents the work of a master builder, designer artist, or architect whose individual genius influenced his age,or it possesses high artistic value. The Oasis Hotel complex was designed by master architect Lloyd Wright, and was one of his earliest and largest independent commissions. Wright is widely 99 City of Palm Springs Municipal Code,8.05.195. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 46 94 recognized as an innovative and influential architect who built on the work of his father Frank Lloyd Wright to create his own unique design philosophy. His Expressionistic designs, which often incorporated naturalistic elements and indigenous motifs, aimed to tie buildings to sites and vice versa, blurring the lines between the indoors and outdoors. The Oasis Hotel exemplifies his design philosophy, and the Class 1 Historic Site designation of the Oasis Hotel and Tower (HSPB-10)testifies to the significance of the building historian Alan Hess called"one of the first defining statements about a Modern architecture for the desert" and "one of the great neglected buildings of California architecture."109 Wright's design for the Oasis Hotel dining hall differed from his design for the rest of the complex in that it featured wood construction and finishes rather than slip- form concrete. It also incorporated the existing McCallum Adobe, as owner Pearl McManus envisioned her new resort hotel as a tribute to her pioneer father as much as anything else. Wright's use of wood framing, a simple rectangular plan, a gabled roof,wood slat cladding,and repeating French doors that opened to create a pavilion-like feel served to seamlessly connect the 1884 adobe to the 1924 hotel and to enhance the indoor-outdoor feel of the property. Although the dining hall building was moved to a different location in 1952 and experienced extensive alterations changing its overall layout and exterior appearance, a substantial portion of its interior is intact. The building's interior may be considered in the evaluation of its eligibility under local criteria because this City-owned property is considered a public building.10. The most visible and evocative evidence of Wright's individual genius is the exposed interior roof system, including a wood slat ceiling and scissor trusses.This system is most intact in Volumes 1 and 2, and exhibits the greatest complexity and aesthetic effect in Volume 1.There,the trusses from four separate gables meet at the center of the room in a complex configuration, and the four meeting points of the gables themselves extend down to the floor at chamfered corners with bolted vertical timber supports. It is easy to see why Pearl McManus intended this part of the former dining hall to become a chapel at Village Green, and it is likewise easy to see the connection between Volume 1's roof system and those in later Wright designs like Wayfarers Chapel. In Volume 3, the roof's interior visual impact is lessened by the covering over of the slat ceiling, though the scissor trusses are extant; however, a portion of the original roof projects beyond the volume's east faSade and retains all of its wood slat finish and original trusses (including one bearing McManus' signature). As this portion was originally part of the building's interior and retains its original features, for the purposes of evaluating eligibility and integrity it is considered to be an interior rather than an exterior feature. ...Hess and Danish,28-29. ro.City of Palm Springs Municipal Code,8.05.195. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 47 95 Despite its many alterations, the subject property retains enough of its original interior elements to strongly convey its historical appearance and its association with master architect Lloyd Wright. As a result, ARG finds it eligible under City of Palm Springs Criterion 5. Criterion 6:It represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction. As the subject property is not part of a district, it does not represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction. Therefore,ARG concludes the property is not eligible as a Class 1 Historic Site under City of Palm Springs Criterion 6. Criterion 7: It has yielded or may be likely to yield information important to national, state or local history or prehistory. An archaeological assessment was not conducted as part of this study.As a result, the subject property is left unevaluated under Criterion 7. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 48 96 7. Integrity Analysis The National Register and California Register have specific language regarding integrity. Both require that a resource retain sufficient integrity to convey its significance. In accordance with the guidelines established by the National Park Service, integrity is evaluated with regard to the retention of location, design, setting, materials,workmanship,feeling, and association. The City of Palm Springs'Historic Preservation Ordinance does not explicitly include language regarding integrity,though it specifies location,design,setting,materials, workmanship, and aesthetic effect as qualities that convey the significance and uniqueness of a historic site. In nominating historic sites to the register,the City of Palm Springs follows National Register guidelines on integrity. Following is an evaluation of these aspects at 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive: Location The place where the historic property was constructed or the place where the historic event occurred. The building has been moved from its original location, in the Oasis Hotel complex at the southwest corner of S. Palm Canyon Drive and W. Tahquitz Canyon Way. It does not retain integrity of location. Design The combination of elements that create the form,plan,space,structure, and style of a property. As the subject property was cut into pieces and reattached in a new configuration with a new rear addition, its overall plan and form have been altered. Exterior alterations including creation of storefronts/windows; replacement of all doors; addition of concrete block and stucco cladding; addition of a projecting porch;and addition of an awning and new signage have also compromised integrity of design. However, the building retains intact interior features that strongly reflect the design intent of its architect, particularly its exposed scissor trusses, wood slat ceilings, and wood framing that includes bolted vertical timber supports. As a result, the combination of elements that create the form, space, structure, and style of the interior remain intact.The building retains its integrity of design;while it has been somewhat compromised, it is not lost altogether. Setting The physical environment of a historic property. The building has been moved roughly a block south from its original location at the southwest corner of Palm Canyon Drive and Tahquitz Canyon Way; as a result, its Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 49 97 setting since 1952 has differed from its original setting. The current setting has remained relatively unchanged since the 1950s: an open landscaped area within a more densely developed commercial district, featuring small moved/repurposed buildings facing inward onto the green. While the Village Green's integrity of setting is intact,the removal of the Oasis Hotel dining hall from its original place in the Lloyd Wright-designed complex(and the construction of new buildings on the site in the 1950s)means the character of the place in which the property played its historical role has been lost. The subject property does not retain integrity of setting. Materials The physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period of time and in a particular pattern or configuration to form a historic property. Due to alterations as described above, particularly the creation of storefronts/windows, replacement of all doors, and addition of new cladding, the building's integrity of materials has been reduced. However,the retention of intact interior materials like unique wood trusses,timber supports,and wood slat ceilings means that it has not been lost entirely.Volume 1 also retains its original wood slat cladding on its primary exterior fa4ade, and all three of the original volumes have appropriate(replacement)wood shake roofing material.As a result,the property's integrity of materials,though compromised, remains intact. Workmanship The physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period in history or prehistory... [expressed through] both technological practices and aesthetic principles. The property's original workmanship is evident through its intact interior features, predominantly its exposed scissor truss roof system (which culminates in a notably complex configuration in Volume 1). The original trusses are also present in the projecting porch at Volume 3'5 east fagade,which was originally part of the building interior. The intricate, exposed roof system exhibits the aesthetic principles and technological practices that drove Lloyd Wright's design work, and is clearly the product of skilled craftsmen.The property retains integrity of workmanship. Feeling A property's expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular period of time. Due to alterations, most of the property's exterior no longer expresses the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular period of time. However, the building's intact interior elements clearly express the innovative aesthetic of Lloyd Wright as developed through the 1920s,and evoke the rustic elements of early Palm Springs Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP s0 98 resort development. The exposed scissor trusses, wood slat finishes, and bolted timber supports continue to convey the period of time during which the building was constructed, as well as an aesthetic sense specific to that time. The property retains integrity of feeling. Association The direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property type. The building was originally designed and built as the dining hall for the 1924 Oasis Hotel; its move and reconfiguration/repurposing in the early 1950s severed the physical and geographical link between it and the rest of the historic hotel complex. However, its retention of intact, distinctive interior features link it to a particular time period and enable the continued conveyance of the design association with master architect Lloyd Wright. As a result, the property retains integrity of association. Summary of Integrity In summary, to be eligible for listing, a resource must retain enough of its historic character or appearance to be recognizable as a historical resource and to convey the reasons for its significance. The property at 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive retains integrity of design, materials,workmanship,feeling, and association based primarily on its intact interior features. Its integrity of location and setting have been lost due to its 1950s move and subsequent reconfiguration/exterior alterations. Despite these modifications, the property's interior is still able to convey its overall design, historical period, and association with master architect Lloyd Wright. Therefore,the subject property retains sufficient integrity to convey its significance. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 51 99 8. Conclusion Documentary and archival research, site analysis, the development of historic contexts, and an evaluation against local eligibility criteria indicate that the property at 211-219 S. Palm Canyon Drive meets City of Palm Springs Historic Site eligibility Criteria 2, 4, and 5. The subject property also retains sufficient integrity, primarily with respect to its interior features,to convey its significance.Therefore, the property appears eligible for listing as a Class 1 Historic Site in the City of Palm Springs'Official Register of Historic Sites and Districts. Oasis Hotel Dining Hail Historic Resources Report Augus[23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 52 100 9. Bibliography Brown, Renee. "Pearl McCallum McManus Continued Father's Legacy." The Desert Sun, 7 March 2015. Brown,Renee."Pearl McCallum McManus Helped Shape Palm Springs."The Desert Sun, 29 April 2016. City of Palm Springs Municipal Code, 8.05.020 — Historic Preservation, General Provisions, Definitions. The Desert Sun,various dates. Henderson, Moya and the Palm Springs Historical Society. Palm Springs. San Francisco:Arcadia Publishing, 2009. Hess, Alan and Andrew Danish. Palm Springs Weekend: The Architecture and Design of a Midcentury Oasis. San Francisco:Chronicle Books, 2001. Hines,Thomas S. "The Blessing and the Curse:The Achievement of Lloyd Wright." In Lloyd Wright: The Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright,Jr. Edited by Cathryn Drake. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1998. Historic Resources Group. City of Palm Springs Citywide Historic Context Statement &Survey Findings. City of Palm Springs: Department of Planning Services, 2016. Los Angeles Times,various dates. Martin, Ernest 0. The Beauty of Holiness:Story of the Wayfarers Chapel.Virginia Beach:The Donning Company Publishers, 2007. National Park Service. National Register Bulletin 15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Interagency Resources Division, 1990, rev. 1991. National Register of Historic Places. Wayfarers Chapel, Rancho Palos Verdes, Los Angeles County, California. National Register#20050711. Niemann, Greg. Palm Springs Legends:Creation of a Desert Oasis. San Diego: Sunbelt Publications, Inc., 2006. Palm Springs Life. "The McCallum Centennial—Palm Springs' Founding Family." April 1984, reprinted 19 August 2010. Sanborn Map Company. Fire Insurance Maps, Palm Springs, California. New York: Sanborn Map Company, 1929 and 1962. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 53 101 Western Directory Company. Palm Springs City Directory, 1939-1940 Seoson. Long Beach, CA:Western Directory Company, 1939. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23, 2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 54 102 Appendix A. Historic Photographs of the Oasis Hotel Dining Hall, ca. 1924 Lloyd Wright Papers, UCLA Library Special Collections Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 55 103 n • � . �'•i n' / � -�' $shy., •• F i�ti 'tI . . •1 _ TM, portionEast fapdc,view west from Palm Canyon Drive.The Oasis ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 56 104 I ' Ts East fagade,view northwest showing ramada-shaded terraces and repeating French doors. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 57 105 R �'' L+.i. - +ti..• �:tip a ,`' `;r . r A - jf - - , GROUPARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES t' 'p � �rt �f d Roofs of Dining Hall and McCallum Adobe,view north from the hotel tower. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP S9 107 6 a 6� Interiew,view north. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 60 1GR tlt 3 d Ly t IYM Interior,view south/southeast. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 61 109 ter; W �h AM lit HIIII�I�Mi�1 A t alekr., Interior south portion with brazier, view south. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 62 y /� 1 � n I i t I � r } At .L. Interior south portion with brazier, view northwest. Oasis Hotel Dining Hall Historic Resources Report August 23,2017 ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCES GROUP 63 111 Attachment 5: Excerpts from: 2004 Historic Resources Report by Andreas Urbas, A Palm Springs Weekend: Architecture and Design of a Mid- Century Oasis" (Hess & Danish, 2001), Articles on the Oasis Hotel by the Palm Springs Historical Society, Nicholette Wenzell, 2014, E mail correspondence from Eric Lloyd Wright dated April 11, 2005. 112 l � r fi THE OASIS HOTEL PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA AN ASSESSMENT OF CHARACTER—DEFINING FEATURES i ,J J'f ra 4k iu A%i d .hw Tii vl ..N*X:,+:f,A•�r _ . FEVA A NOVEMBEB 20,2W4 - - - --- RFECEIVED"" SEP 16 2005 FL. dN IG DIVI 10MN 113 Existing Conditions: EXTERIOR Palm Canyon Elevation east h lkY i � �r'� „k?i l„ • Condition: Good Character-defining feature:Concrete facade Modifications:Major modifications to original storefronts (I) Recommendation:Remove intrusions, and restore to original Alley/Paseo Elevation north 5 4 JJ m _ fy Condition: Good Character-defining feature:Concrete fa§ade. Modifications:Major modifications including addition (I) Recommendation:Remove and restore; open vista to tower. All /Paseo Elevation north a�: e' 1V+i lfiti+. _ jRr .. 1 F f �. 3 rjJJ ... Condition:Fair Character-defining feature:Wood balcony(P) Modifications: Insensitive addition (I) Recommendation:Repair if feasible, or replace. 114 Alle /Paseo Elevation (north) I e�! �6 Condition:Fair Character-defining feature:Wood balcony(P). Modifications:N/A Recommendation:Repair Alle /Paseo Elevation(north) r .: i WE C K Condition:Fair Character-defining features: Stepped concrete molding(P) Modifications:Security gate,door, signage M Recommendation:Remove door and signage, and replace with a more compatible design. 115 a Alley/Paseo (north) C 111164 r m al. 1�.�NOh ax. $ 1 rr I Condition: Fair Character-defining features: Balcony(S), original door(I) and hardware (1) Modifications: In-window AC unit; boarded doorway Recommendation:Repair; remove board and AC. Alley/Pasco north M. : a F Condition: Fair Character-defining features:Concrete ornamentation(P) Modifications:Covering of Art Deco ornamentation (T) Recommendation:Remove and restore, Co and Elevation west 4 v5 Condition:Good Character-defining features:N/A Modifications:Additions to rear of commercial building (I) Recommendation:Remove;reopen courtyard,consider restoring fenestration 116 y Courtyard Elevation west i �F� J F'y 4 .i Condition:Poor Character-defining features:N/A Modifications:Metal stair(non-original) (I) Recommendation:Remove Courtyard Elevation (south) 4jP' 8.cy n�♦ S ��y, RF Condition:Poor Character-defining features: original doors (including screen doors) (S) and windows (S) Modifications: Second-story balcony(I); door replacements M Recommendations: Replace balcony with more compatible design (consider that existing on north elevation).Retain original doors/windows wherever possible. 1.17 l Courtyard Elevation (south) >x t Ea`t �q v i Condition:Poor Character-defining features: original doors (including screen doors) (S), windows (S) and light fixtures (S) Modifications: Second-story balcony 0); door replacements M Recommendations: Replace balcony with more compatible design (consider that existing on north elevation). Retain original doors/windows and light fixtures, wherever possible. Courtyard Elevation (southeast) "r {_ �:LLT Condition:Poor Character-defining features: original doors (including screen doors) (S) and windows (S) Modifications: Second-story balcony (1); door replacements (1), fire escape (I), and single- story-addition(I) Recommendations: Replace balcony with more compatible design (consider that existing on north elevation). Retain original doors/windows wherever possible. Remove fire escape and consider reopening courtyard to alley. I18 Corridor between South Cassita and Tower J t Condition:Fair Character-defining features:N/A Modifications: Replacement doors (I) and hardware (I) Recommendations:Replace doors with more compatible units; restore entrance to Tower. Tower PI gg t t' `1 1 'i• Condition:Good Character-defining features: Concrete walls (P), pyramidal roof (P), exterior terrace (I), and grillwork at bell opening (S) Modifications: Infill of doors and window openings Recommendations:Restore original openings,and reuse terrace for outdoor living space INTERIOR Retail Shops Condition:Good Character-defining features:N/A Modifications:New interiors Recommendations:Modify,as desired. 119 Tower t; V i f t 4 t > ?et ' s•5' a n YY Condition:Poor, extensive water damage Character-defining features:Original stair and railing (P) j Modifications:N/A Recommendations:Retain and repair SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS The Oasis Hotel is a very good example of 1920s co, and the only local example of the work of the master-architect, Lloyd Wright. Furthermore, it is significant as one of the few examples of his commercial, or resort projects. Due to the property s designation as a "Class 7 historic site", (Class I, according to Doug Evans' November 7, 2004, handwritten notation), the Oasis must be preserved.I applaud the efforts of its developer. Although, the exterior of the Tower is the most significant portion of the site, other features of note must be treated with great sensitivity, wherever possible. As Wright's work during the 1920's was characterized by concrete designs, simple volumes, and geometric details, such features should also remain in-place. Elements described as having secondary significance further add to the historic character of this historic property, and minimally, examples of these should be incorporated within the rehabilitated facility. Historic photographs appear to indicate that some of the ornamental detail was polychromatic, as such, I would encourage consideration of undertaking a paint/color analysis (scraping at a minimum)to determine the original color palette. I would recommend identifying the original finish color of the concrete, doors, windows, and surrounds, in addition to the decorative elements. Intrusions identified were modifications and later additions,which detract from the purity of Wright's original design. Every effort should be made to remove them. Once removed, either the original should be restored,or a more compatible addition should be sought. 120 In planning for the rehabilitation of this site, all effort should be made to conform to the Secretary of the Interior's Standards,as follows: 1. A property shall be used for its historic purpose or be placed in a new use that requires minimal change to the defining characteristics of the building and its site and environment. 2. The historic character of a property shall be retained and preserved. The removal of historic materials or alteration of features and spaces that characterize a property shall be avoided. 3. Each property shall be recognized as a physical record of its time, place, and.use. Changes that create a false sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural features or architectural elements from other buildings, shall not be undertaken. 4. Most properties change over time; those changes that have acquired historic significance in their own right shall be retained and preserved. 5. Distinctive features, finishes, and construction techniques or examples of craftsmanship that characterize a historic property shall be preserved. 6. Deteriorated historic features shall be repaired rather than replaced. Where the severity of deterioration requires replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature shall match the old in design, color, texture, and other visual qualities and, where j possible, materials. Replacement of missing features shall be substantiated by documentary,physical, or pictorial evidence. 7. Chemical or physical treatments, such as sandblasting, that cause damage to historic materials shall not be used.The surface cleaning of structures, if appropriate, shall be undertaken using the gentlest means possible. 8. Significant archeological resources affected by a project shall be protected and preserved. If such resources must be disturbed, mitigation measures shall be undertaken. 9. New additions, exterior alterations, or related new construction shall not destroy historic materials that characterize the property.The new work shall be differentiated from the old and shall be compatible with the massing, size, scale, and architectural features to protect the historic integrity of the property and its environment. 10. New additions and adjacent or related new construction shall be undertaken in such a manner that if removed in the future,the essential form and integrity of the historic property and its environment would be unimpaired. 121 �. lY1p.Al 1 J � �• -�1fYSd Ir4 d�''; r�W {{ S 1.. w, la sisep A-in4ua:) piW a jo ubisap pup aan4:)a4i4:)ay a4l P,&awl e4rs 4 2 }. * f t i kk e distance. Though Austrian by birth, Schindler took to too or the Popenoes divided from the bays by screens. R t the sert and the Southern California climate; many of his Colors w pale olive tan and dark cottonseed stain on the 192E c- design ad outdoor sleeping porches and outdoor courtyards wood and w rd. Flagpoles and palm leaves spread on the Popen- for cooki and entertaining. The first design, in May Ig22, porches' screen ornamented the design. Finished by The ra. was a light a adventurous structure with wood scissor trus- November, the building $2C00 ("a trivial sum for a the liv- ses balanced by ' gonal outriggers and roofed in canvas that house these days," wrote Pop and Schindler's fee was was t1-- kept the sun off t walls. A tight circular staircase wound $100. The house was destroyed in 30s. in the around the fireplace ' e the central chimney block, leading Though the first design was typic dventurous for to a roof terrace. Schindler, the cabin as built did not match the c ity of his The small house on w Popenoe began construction in own home on Kings Road in Los An eles and other Nefthhof September 192.2 was scaled b A 1070-square-foot house the early I920s, and it had little or I sheathed in one-by-ten horizonta 'plap siding, it was sur- Schindler's reputatio he rrst important Modern structure in rounded on three sides by screen eping porches which Palm Springs would he an example of American, organic extended out onto the flat,undistinguish ite at the corners, design; the Oasis Hotel by Lloyd Wright, eldest son of Frank like a pinwheel, a precursor to Neutra's ufmann house Lloyd Wright. Though it still stands today,poor treatment and design twenty-five years later. The cabin was ribed as a remodelings—as well as its location off the beaten path in Palm temporary" house for die Popenoes, who lived in dena. A Springs—conspired to keep this building, one of the greatest central room, including fireplace, with a roof higher the Modern designs of the 1920s in California,virtually unknown. rest of the house was extended by two bays,with separate - It began a series of strong organic designs in Palm Springs m 9 d e r 123 stretching to William Cody's I947 Del Marcos motel and 1958 > Springs restaurant, Armet and Davis' Denny's restaurant on " Highway III, John Lautner's 1968 Elrod and 1972 Hope houses, Kendrick Kellogg's 1978 Charthouse restaurant, and Michael Black's 1978 bank building in Palm Desert. Pearl McCallum McManus was a confident woman who knew her own mind; she would still be riding horses at age I, '!Gi lillllll(II!ln��iiiilll�ftrllii�'tl� '':I seventy-nine. She took the lead in the family real estate busi- ness with husband Austin. Hiring Lloyd Wright was a bold step. The other hotels in town were conventional, the Desert Visitors pulled their cars into Inn reliably and 'charmingly Spanish, the Palm Springs Hotel the Palm Canyon Drive entry to still Victorian. McManus had more in mind than comfortable Lloyd Wright's Oasis Hotel.The rooms as marketing points. It was the image of Modernism that advanced slip-farm concrete formed as much of the appeal of the Oasis as the accommoda- construction created one of the tions themselves.The choice of Modernism was also one of real most modern buildings in estate rivalry. Pearl and Austin McManus owned land on the California,while the wood fili- north side of town, while Nellie Coffman, the to'wn's other gree screens and ornamental great landowner, ran the stucco, tile-roofed Desert Inn. pots on the roof(a Lloyd Wright McManus went on from this auspicious beginning as a patron trademark)added a new to hire Paul Williams to design the Tennis Club opening in romance to the desert locale. February 1937 (Lloyd Wright designed an unbuilt version). Maxfield Parrish could not and Pereira and Lockman to design the Robinson's department have conjured a more exotic store on Palm Canyon in 1.953• scene.The tower agd shops to Pearl and Austin McManus hired Lloyd Wright to cre- the left still stand. ate a distinctive resort.They met while Lloyd was courting his future wife, Helen Taggart; when she had been married to actor Reginald Pole, they lived in an adobe house in Palm Springs in the early 19208. In the small community it wa> inevitable that Peal and Lloyd would meet. What wasn't inevitable was that she would hire him. Though he had worked with his father, with Irving Gill, and with the Olmsted brothers—Lloyd was also an accomplished landscape architect—he had built only a handful of houses since return- ing to Los Angeles in 1pip.The Oasis would be his largest and most impressive commission when it opener) in 1925. modern in the wilderness 027 124 P1 Y=t IS �" I Y ,7 The Oasis was built around the original adobe ranch room wings and four-story tower. Thin vertical slits were left house that Pearl's father,John McCallum,built in the center of open and set with glass to balance light in the cool,solid rooms. town. The town was mostly a grove of trees and vacant lots in R. M. Schindler also used this construction method effectively 1924, the trees being necessary protection from the wind and at his Pueblo Ribera apartments in I923, and became famous heat. In one of these cottonwood groves, Pearl and Lloyd in the architectural history texts for this innovation, but the turned over the first spade of dirt for the Oasis in IQ24. Oasis shows that Lloyd was using the same technique at virtu- Memorialized in a photo, Lloyd wears jodhpurs and a tie, the ally the same time. Lloyd had already proven himself an inno- image of the artist architect;for.the thirty-four-year-old archi- vator in concrete, helping to develop the textile block system Lett, getting his first large commission out of the ground was a that his father used in a series of concrete block houses in Los hopeful moment.The boards for the concrete forms are already Angeles in the early 1920s. in place for the innovative slip-form method of construction.In The Oasis is one of the great neglected buildings of les system, atwelve-inch layer of wall was poured in form California architecture. Begun before his famous father first boards. When it dried, the same forms were "slipped" up to visited Arizona, five years before the elder Wright designed form another tier, and so on, up to the top of the two-sto the Arizona Bihmore with Albert Chase McArthur, and more 125 P3 than a dozen years before Wright the elder designed his own- the rooms onto common balconies along the two-story concrete desert retreat, Taliesin West, in Scottsdale, Arizona, the Oasis room wings.Above it all rose the tower,its pinnacles of poured was indeed a sheltering oasis in the desert. Warm and solid, concrete molded in an ancient, erosive abstraction that echoes filled with trees and flowers, and with roof terraces and pent- the form of the mountains themselves, rubble fields of erosion houses from which to drink in the spectacular panorama of from eons of rain and landslides. Evocative of thunder clouds. mountain, desert and sky, it was one of the first defining mesas and the mountain itself, the soft character of the deco- statements about a Modern architecture for the desert. ration distinguished Lloyd's from his father's rigorous geo- Borrowing its craggy silhouette from the mountains, metric'ornament. It was a technique he would later use in a tall, square tower in the middle of the property formed a another of his great designs, the Sowden house in Hollywood; promontory around which the buildings gathered. Alon.g Palm Lloyd, as part of the Hollywood artistic intelligentsia, C41nyon Drive, Lloyd constructed a series of small shops and a expressed the interest in exotic romance seen in many of the separate hotel office; between them a drive brought cars past movies filmed in the Palm Springs area in the Silent Era: a two-story room wing, faced in a distinctive, simple vertical- Theda Bara starred in Salome, and Rudolph Valentino fought slat screen, to.the entry at the foot oe'the tower on the left. To as a tragic French Foreign Legionnaire; Frank Capra filmed the right lay the entry to the dining room. This gabled wood Lost Horizon, a tale of another isolated paradise, in Palm structure was more of a ranch style than the concrete room Springs in the 193Cs.Softer,more naturalistic,equally roman- wings, and connected to the original McCallum ranch build- tic compared to the abstracted geometries of the Wright pere's ih s, turned into rooms, lounges and a kitchen. The ninety- textile block houses in Southern California in the same period, foot-long dining room showed Lloyd's affinity with the these expressive elements tied the builmng to the site and the Southern California weather, seen throughout his work in site to the building. courtyards open to the outdoors. French doors on three sides As daring as but more pragmatic than his father, Lloyd of the dining room could be opened, turning it into an airy still captured the exotic atmosphere of the desert site and pavilion. Two cottonwood trees grew up through the center of desert myths. Solid forms and ornament created an .exotic the room and through the roof.A colorful wheelpatterned fab- vision in the small, dusty town of Palm Sprinp in 1924, an ric hung over the entry door. With dried desert plants hanging undeniably Modern and progressive vision. He would go on to from the scissor trusses, Lloyd's vision drew intimately on the design houses for Palm Springs in-the 1920s,though none was natural surroundings, on the plants, materials, forms and built. One was a collection of rookeries, canvas and stone plat- weather.A brazier stood at one end of the hall to take the chill forms dramatically inserted into mountainside niches; others off cold evenings. were A-frame haciendas turning their back to the wind to pro- The dining wing formed a line through the property tect sunken, outdoor gardens sheltered by earthen berms. creating two courtyards, one on Palm Canyon Drive, another Lloyd's work asserted that a strong Modern architecture could more sheltered by structures, and with a square pond, citrus be. developed out of the cultural and natural character of a s e- trees and trellis draped in wisteria. French doors opened from cific site; even the sand for the concrete was shoveled from 126 the desert washes. It would stand apart from later designs by tains out of the arroyos and hilltops of Southern California. ' Frey, Neutra and Wexler that emphasized technological R. M. Schindler in California was clearly on a different'path: expression. than his European compatriots, with edgy, expressive spatial With twenty rooms and several buildings, the unusual compositions. Irving Gill's rational building systems and clean hoteh was a risky move, of course, and the McManuses found forms were rooted to the earth and to history with their echo themselves without the funds to operate the hotel once it was of the Spanish Missions. Lloyd contributed to this exploration built,prompting them to bring in W. E. Hammer, operator of of Modernism at the Oasis. a downtown Los Angeles hotel, to take over the operation. It There was no precedent for using a distinctly Modern became popular and thrived for many years as a Palm design for a resort anywhere in the country before the Oasis Springs fixture. The last great era of resort building, in the latter nineteenth Though today hemmed in with later construction and century, produced Victorian extravaganzas such as the defaced by the demolition of the dining room wing, the origi- Coronado in San Diego and the glorious Hispanic-style nal Oasis was a sophisticated Modern design. Before Neutra -Mission Inn, not far from Palm Springs in.Riverside. Resorts had arrived in Los Angeles, seven years before the contemporary to the Oasis, built for the burgeoning car International Style was codified at the Museum of Modern Art tourism industry, boasted exotic, historically based designs in New York, the character of .Modernism was still up for like the Taos-inspired La Fonda by Rapp and Rapp in Santa grabs, especially in California. Though the elder Wright had Fe, or the rustic luxury of the Ahwahnee Lodge in Yosemite fallen on hard times in the aftermath of the Taliesin scandal in Park. The Oasis -was boldly unique. 1914 when a servant killed the woman he had left his wife and family for, the forgiving, progressive millionaires and middle- class clients of Los Angeles had allowed Lloyd's father the opportunity to develop the concrete block houses, those lush outcroppings,twentieth-century pueblos rising as small noun- . ; 127 � 5 124 The success of the Desert Inn inspired the development of two equally remarkable hotels in the 1920s and cemented the town's growing reputation as one of the country's premier luxury winter resorts. The first of these was the Oasis Hotel (HSPB-10), opened in 1925 on the site of the McCallum family homestead.xez Pearl McCallum had in 1914 married asadena real estate mogul Austin G. McManus; as Palm Springs grew McManus encourageea guided his wife as she evolved into an astute businesswoman, developing or sul:l&iding the McCallum acreage piece by piece.-83 But Pearl kept the McCallum homestead in 1923 the McManuses became the first patrons of Modern architecture in Pal r;ngs when they hired Lloyd Wright to design a 20-room hotel on the property and into orate the family's adobe into the complex as a memorial to Pearl's father.384 ,.-."..m ._.� -- F I Oasis I lotel(1924,Lloyd Photogght;raphed tower in 19 7. _ Photographed in 1927. Source:Security Pacific National Bank Collection,Los Angeles Public Library. lY� �Y �G z12 Bowan et A.,-the McCallum Centennial."Portions of the Oasis were demolished in 1953 to make way for the construction of the Oasis office building designed by Williams,Williams and Williams. sea Bowan et al,'The McCallum Centennial" 2114 Bowart et A.,"The McCallum Centennial" SCREENCHECK DRAFT-OCTOBER 13,2015 City of Palm Springs Citywide Historic Context Statement & Survey Findings 1 HISTORIC RESOURCES GROUP 128 1�5 Wright, who had previously experimented with concrete techniques while working on his father's textile block houses in Los Angeles,used a novel "slip form" * u ' construction technique for the Oasis: twelve-ih r£ courses of concrete were poured between w�ticYforms and, when the concrete had set, the form0ere "slipped" up and the next course pouredddntil the full height of the wall was completed. P�d McManus later remembered that"It took a year tbycomplete and was so beautiful that many people d to buy it or lease it before it was finished."3B5 asis opened in early 1925 Lib Its plan and responded to the desert climate, with one-X e-story wings clustered around landscaped cou rc�s, and concrete walls to insulate the interiors froT�esert heat.Windows were screened .- with woode lies reminiscent of Spanish ironwork. Oasis Hotel Tower,photographed c. 1937 The trance to the hotel's main building was marked (RSPB-10).Source:Los Angeles Public Library. a our-story tower topped with stepped comer decorated with abstract patterns cast into the • concrete and supporting a pyrarn of that echoed the profile of Mt. San Jacinto beyond. The glass-walled dining room w uilt around two pre-existing cottonwood trees,which grew through openings in the &dround adjacent McCallum adobe served as the hotel's lounge,with comfortable chairs clust the hearth.a$7 The hotel grounds featured a lush lawn with a large brazier, surro by lounge chairs,where bonfires were lit each night a!8 and a "Persian" swimmi 1 set amidst the surviving fruit trees of the McCallum orchard?e9 The Oasis Hotel wa first of many innovative Modem concrete buildings in Palm Springs and is an origiinnall , significant example of Modem architecture in the United States.Author and 1V x8 emtraub,Lloyd Wright:The Architecture offrank Lloyd Wni ft Jr.(New York:Harry N.Abrams,Inc., 1998),239. 8 esort Notes,"Los Angeles Times,November 1, 1925,G 12.http://www.proquestcom(accessed October 6,2012). 287 esort Notes,"Los Angeles Time.S January 2, 1927,F10.http://www.proquestoom(accessed October 6,2012). 288"Resort Notes,"Los Angeles Times,November 28, 1926,G12.http://www.proquest.com(accessed October 6,2012). 289"Resort Notes,'November I, 1925,G12. SCREENCHECK DRAFT—OLI'OBER 13,2015 City of Palm Springs Citywide Historic Context Statement & Survey Findings HISTORIC RESOURCES GROUP 1210 126 • historian Alan Hess has called the Oasis "one of the great neglected buildings of California architecture" and "one of the first defining statements about a Modern architecture in the desert,"-" but its radical modem aesthetic would not be repeated in Palm Springs for a decade. nish Revival style by local developer Prescott Thresher Stevens, who spen then- omical amount of$1 million on the resort.193 Designed by the Los [fie es firm of Wa & Eisen,who also designed the Beverly Wilshire Hotel, the pinwted El Mirador was set in 1 ardens a mile north of the center of town on Indian C on"Drive(then Indian Avenue) chevah Drive. It featured an eye-catching bell to constructed; HSPB-I) topped with orish tiles, two hundred luxurious guest roo d with hand-carved furniture, an O is-sized swimming pool, a tennis cou �t es, and private golf course.-9- T Al ALI rv. f 1 �0 Is i n n El Mirado t,photographed in 1953. _ m. aww�iy� Source:Hera] ner Collection,Los Angeles Public li �90 Alan Hess and Andrew Danish,Pabn Springy Weekend(San Francisco:Chronicle Books,2001),28-29. 391 Dennis McDougal and Mike Meenan,"It's Check-Out Time for Palm Springs'El Mirador,'LosAnlgeles Times,November 27, 1977,P120,http://www.proquesLcom(accessed July 29,2012). 292lenifer Warren and Scott Hams "Fire Destroys Palm S ri 'El Mirador Hotel,"Los Angeles Times,July 27, 1989, SCREENCHECK DRAFT—OCTOBER 13,2015 City of Palm Springs Citywide Historic Context Statement & Survey Findings HISTORIC RESOURCES GROUP S 5 CAS ITA 5 In imp AL lot Inj .1 •f/ l may- e- � _��: ' _--� OASIS ILarLJ _/{ 1 MI• =,.1.- v`r ,t• �' ! �� n,n..n..beirmF,l '�y �}�/�'i%f`3': FY� ff 3�}-,•'f�- \�'\ ,1.".Y w��. Im...:..arn � dl..nrr^•.r U.a n.. �v' ` •The Ilulel The Uasn. '1'r•v.el d folk apptea4ale Ibe J11,061f u1 lu,u.e almospl.ere and personal atm„Gnn will, every condor and cnnven,cnae. N W !—+ Palm Springs History: The Oasis Hotel Nicolette Wencell c w rw { LY`III �'..M Z ♦ ' S y y gee (Photo:Courtesy Palm Springs Historical Society.All rights 'reserved) 43CONNECTTv7EET Li NKEDINCOMMENTEMAILMORE In 1924 construction began on the Oasis Hotel, one of the most recognizable and architecturally distinctive buildings in Palm Springs. Commissioned by Pearl McCallum McManus to be built on family land, the unique building was said to have been a tribute to her father's legacy. Her father, John Guthrie McCallum, was the first white settler to make his home in Palm Springs and subsequently, Pearl felt a strong and lasting responsibility to keep Palm Springs a thriving community. An important element of Pearl's vision for Palm Springs was beauty. She desired that the structures encompassing downtown be of the utmost quality and that aesthetics be paramount. The architect she deemed appropriate to bring life to her image was Lloyd Wright, son of iconic Frank Lloyd Wright. The building was to be a handsome high-class hotel. The piece of land Pearl chose to place it on was none other than the site where her father had constructed their family home upon their arrival to Palm Springs. 132 At what is today the southwest corner of Tahquitz Canyon Way and Palm Canyon Drive, the location was hallowed ground for Pearl and at the time of construction, remained the site of the McCallum family home. Pearl spent a great amount of time consulting with Wright in her quest to create a building that lived up to her expectations. To Pearl, one of the most important components of the building's design was a tower that was to rise from the desert floor as a beacon of respect for her father. Another sign of her emotional connection to the land was made apparent by the effort to save as many of the trees growing on the property as possible. Portions of the hotel building were constructed around the trees, so that they could continue to remain on the land. It is estimated that to do so cost Pearl an additional $1,000 per tree; in today's money, that's an estimated $16,000 to save each tree. The structure was built of concrete, with a distinctive pattern created during the implementation of the slip-form technique. It was constructed in the moderne style of the 1920s and drew much attention and admiration upon its completion. In the end, the Oasis Hotel, as it was called, was a showpiece that boasted Palm Springs' first swimming pool, lush landscaping, striking interiors and the statuesque tower Pearl dreamed of. Pearl was even able to integrate part of her family home into the design. However, the hotel claimed only 24 guest rooms. Pearl would soon find out that having 24 rooms was "woefully inadequate." In fact, in her near obsession with the hotel's creation she neglected to consider the profitability of such an enterprise. Pearl's many efforts to make the hotel a stunning tribute to her heritage caused her to exceed her original cost estimate by nearly three times its initial figure; there simply was not enough money to incorporate additional rooms. Pearl moved forward with the leasing of the hotel, as her plan had always been to do so. Unfortunately, her first lessee lasted only two years. After some consideration, Pearl made the difficult decision to sell the Oasis Hotel to someone who could build the necessary additional guest rooms and run the hotel at a profit. As part of the selling agreement, Pearl kept the right to move her family home from the property if it should ever be threatened with demolition. Next week's column will look at what happened after the hotel was sold. Nicolette Wenzell is associated curator for Palm Springs Historical Society 133 Palm Springs History: The Garlicks built up Oasis Hotel Nicolette Wenzel[' 0 fi_ P I V O U (Photo_Courtesy Paim Springs Historical Society.Ali rights reserved) ccasr:3F..NTEMA,r.Mope PALM SPRINGS— In 1927, Hobart Garlick moved to Palm Springs with his wife, Isabel. Garlick came to California from his native Ohio in 1917 with the hope of getting into the hotel business. Upon his arrival, he found a job at a hotel in San Francisco and later, as manager of the Darby Hotel in Los Angeles, where he built a reputation as a respected hotelier. Garlick sought to further his hostelry career and when he heard of the Oasis Hotel's listing, he purchased it from Pearl McCallum McManus. Garlick ran the Oasis successfully and built a name for himself in the Palm Springs community as a generous humanitarian. Garlick sent food baskets to those in need, volunteered with the Boy Scouts and served on the school board. The Garlicks enjoyed a decade of success in Palm Springs until tragedy struck the couple. Isabel battled illness for several months before dying in December 1937 at the age of 46. After her death, Garlick suffered greatly. His health also began to fail and the weight of managing the hotel became too much for him. On the night of March 24, 1940, Garlick retired to a "remote cottage of his hotel," and took his own life with a revolver. He was 56. In 1944, Dewey Metzdorf, senior vice president of Western Hotels Inc. (today's Westin Hotels and Resorts), bought the Oasis. Metzdorf was visiting Palm Springs from Anchorage, Alaska, where he suffered frozen hands and feet. The desert climate afforded him a full recovery and he and his wife bought the hotel because they"wanted a good excuse for staying here." In 1952, Metzdorf said of purchasing the Oasis, "I've been in the hotel business all my life ... and in order to settle down here, I just had to have a hotel to operate." Metzdorf ran the hotel until February 1952, when he sold it to Western Hotels Inc., "of which he (was)executive in charge of operations." The list price for the hotel was $600,000. Following the sale, the hotel was altered and expanded. The plans done by the architecture firm of Williams, Williams and Williams, with associate architects Clark and Frey, called for the demolition of some of the original hotel structure and a new commercial building to be constructed on the comer of Palm Canyon and Tahquitz, partially on the site where Pearl McCallum McManus' family home remained. 134 Because Pearl had always retained the right to move the building, she did so in December 1952. Brick by brick, the adobe home was deconstructed and reconstructed on the site where it remains today at 221 South Palm Canyon Drive. By 1964, a multistory, 44-unit addition was added. The extension, designed by Williams and Williams architects, was located just west of the already existing hostelry at the southwest corner of Belardo Road and Tahquitz Canyon Way. Today, the location of the addition is home to the Palm Mountain Resort&Spa. The structure's facade has been altered but the pool and spa maintain their original shape. By the 1990s, the original Oasis Hotel buildings stood vacant and in a state of disrepair. It came to be known as "one of the great neglected buildings of California architecture." The structures became a place for transients to find refuge. In 2005, in an effort to breathe life back into the vacant building, a 280-seat, multimillion-dollar restaurant honoring the site's storied past was proposed. The plan was to pay homage to some of Hollywood's elite who had vacationed at the Oasis Hotel. Those reported to have stayed there include Loretta Young, Clark Gable, John Wayne and Shirley Temple. Though some of the original structures were demolished to make way for it, the restaurant, to be called Loretta's Hideaway, never came to fruition. Today, the tower remains a vacant beacon in downtown Palm Springs, designated a Class One historic site. A small portion of the original Lloyd Wright slip-form building also remains; mostly vacant, it is situated just east of the tower's location. Nicolette Wenzell is Palm Springs Historical Society associate curator 135 � yesterday •E 'F d r 4^w -' �nr� a 4 �c `64rF ^k� let, • Y _ x 4 r 4 4`� ' x e W �$ S ell P earL McCaLLum 3 McManus Although a century has passed since her father first planted fruit trees at the foot of Mount San Jacinto,Pearl McCallum McManus'influence in the Coachella Valley contin- ues to enhance our quality of life today. Among the first to understand and imagine the possibilities of a gracious life in our desert setting,Pearl's father was visionary.But he would not survive to see the valley's transformation into the dreamy irrigated landscape he imagined.He did,however, TOP:A devoted equestrienne firmly inculcate that vision into his daughter Pearl,and she spent the remainder of her au her life,valley pioneer Pearl McCallum McManus rides long life bringing it to fruition. through the desert scrubwith towering Mount San Jacinto in the SETTING THE TONE background. With lush green golf courses and world-class resorts situated today from one end of the ABOVE:On November 26, 1953, opening night at the Tennis Club valley to the other,ifs difficult to imagine in their place endless dunes and scrub.Yet that she built,McManus shows it was in this sand-swept setting that Pearl and her husband Austin McManus took the her softer side in tulle and lace. fearless step of commissioning Lloyd Wright,the son of Frank Lloyd Wright,to build Fancy dresses were said to be her only extravagance. the Oasis Hotel. 136 20 1 Desert Magazine• November 2012 J Situated at the corner of what is now Tahquitz Canyon and Palm Canyon Way in Palm Springs,the couple's project was built of slip form concrete,which ensured a continuous,cast-in-place structure.When completed,the Oasis was the first architectur- ally designed building in the desert. Suddenly,the adjacent Desert Inn's tent and clapboard hous- ing looked inferior.It was a situation that spurred Nellie Coff- man,the inn's owner,into a massive building project in order to , t compete.Thereafter,the standard for hotels in the desert was ^` forever lifted from rough camping grounds to proper hotels. r A COMMITMENT TO QUALITY From the onset,Pearl understood that the transformation she sought was difficult:she wanted nothing less than to literally change desert desolation into hospitable housing supported by civic institutions and the trappings of life in real cities.Accord- ingly,she continued to bring talented professionals to work on her projects. Among the McCallum holdings was an area now known as the Tahquitz River Estates neighborhood,but originally called Palos Verdes Estates.After facing challenges developing this tract of land,which was prone to flooding along the channel, \ 4: Pearl collaborated with famed Southern California builder Paul x Trousdale—who not only developed Beverly Hills'fashionable a Trousdale Estates,but in his lifetime built more than 25,000 Southern California homes—and architect Allen Sipe. With stabilization of the river's course,the collaborators built affordable,attractive and thoroughly modern houses on both sides of the banks.The houses featured a lanai,a breezeway and , . a"crystal clear wall of glass"in the living room.Paul Trousdale's W own house in Smoke Tree Ranch survives today and has the TOP:Auntie Pearl's"Pink Palace,an early California mansion, featured a large covered porch. S same architectural features on a slightly grander scale. To build the Tennis Club in Palm Springs,Pearl hired architect- ABOVE:McManus with Palm Springs'dapper mayor Frank Bogert and Los Angeles socialite Paquita Machris(Mrs.Maurice Machris)at the to-the-stars Paul R.Williams to build an iconic,modern en- season opening of the EL Mirador 1960.BELOW:A rare view of the W tertaining pavilion.Opening in 1937,the Tennis Club featured Lloyd Wright Oasis Hotel courtyard in the 1930s;photo courtesy the F PalmS Springs g Historical.Society. an elegant oval-shape pool with two palm trees,a setting that became the scene of many memorable dinner parties.Celebrities a z o and socialites flocked to the unusual new building. x` , U i . BUSINESS SAVVY WOwning thousands of acres and adhering to her vision,Pearl z ' retained architectural control over her land by writing into the °o deeds her right of reversion for architectural reasons.It was tested when she gave 30 acres in the middle of Palm Springs to • e the city for a desert preserve and equestrian center. I i oZ Pearl had ridden since childhood and remained an avid I� horsewoman her entire life. However,the city decided that the z 10 land would he better used as a golf course even though the gift provided that if the city did not use the land as directed,it would revert to the ownership of the Living Desert Reserve.The dif- ficult transaction ultimately resulted in litigation between Palm ,°� Springs and the Living Desert,finally resulting in the creation of I Tahquitz Creek Golf Course. 137 CIDJing Yeo From: Eric Lloyd Wright[elwright@elwrighl.net] Sent: Monday, April 11, 2005 12:17 PM To: jingy@ci.palm-springs.ca.us Subject: Oasis Hotel To: Jaing Yeo, Palm Springs Historic Sites Preservation Commission Re: The Oasis Hotel, Palm Springs From: Eric Lloyd Wright, Architect Date: April 11, 2005 Dear Commissioners, I am writing this letter of concern regarding the Oasis Hotel. The building was designed by my father Lloyd Wright. It was the only project my father designed that was built in Palm Springs. It is a unique building in many ways. It's architecture and construction were ahead of their time. It was the first slip form concrete building built in the United States. It's architectural form was very unique and one of the major examples of organic architecture practiced by his father, Frank Lloyd Wright. The building is also a vital element in the history of Palm Springs, since it was commissioned by Pearl McCallum McManus, and represented the first major modern building in that city. For all of the above reasons any alterations or additions have to be done with great care not to lose the original fabric and sense of architectural form and space. I'm sure the commission is as concerned as I am to preserve as much of the architectural history of Palm Springs as possible. Thank you for your attention this matter. Sincerely, Eric Lloyd Wright gECFIVED APR 112005 Ytannrng tc coning 1 138 Attachment 6: City Council Resolution #15424 - Class 1 Historic Site 10; The Oasis Hotel and related material from the 1985 designation 139 13 RESOLUTION NO. 15424 OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA, DESIGNATING THE OASIS HOTEL TOWER AS A CLASS .I .HISTORIC SITE. WHEREAS the Oasis Hotel Tower and its associated personages have contributed substantially to the history of the City of Palm Springs; and WHEREAS Chapter 8.05 of the Palm Springs Muncipal Code allows for the designation of historic sites; and t WHEREAS on October 8, 1984 the Historic Site Preservation Board initiated pro- € ceedings to designate the Oasis Hotel Tower as an historic site; and WHEREAS on January 14, 1985, the Historic Site Preservation Board held a public hearing on said designation and unanimously recommended to the City Council designation of said property as a Class 7 Historic Site; and WHEREAS the City Council concurs in the recommendation of the Historic Site Preservation Board regarding the historic value of the Oasis Hotel Tower; and WHEREAS the designation of the Oasis Hotel Tower shall further the purposes and intent of Chapter 8.05; and WHEREAS the designation of the Oasis Hotel Tower shall promote the sensitive preservation of said site. NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Palm Springs, California as follows: Section 1. The Oasis Hotel Tower, along with the attached structure, as shown on attached Exhibit A,shall he designated a Class 7 Historic Site pursuant to Chapter 8.05 of the Palm Springs Municipal Code. Section 2. No permit for the exterior alteration to the Oasis Hotel Tower, or the attached structure, shall be granted without the prior I approval of the City Council. - t f Section 3. The Oasis Hotel Tower may be suitable for adaptive reuse and the owner(s) of the subject structures are encouraged to investigate potential uses and to enter into discussion with the City ' regarding said reuse. ADOPTED this 6th day of _ February , 1985. AYES: Councilmembers Birer, Foster, Smith and Mayor Bogert NOES: None ABSENT: Councilmember Maryanov ATTEST: CITY OF PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA _ 6 ity cTe-Fk 'City Manafer REVIEWED & APPROVED: f WP/P6 14 0 f z I4SPO io Resolution 15424 EAAMT A Shops 7 � x r w a DASIS r oMMStGlAL b4o�. � J vp -- o a A Towtr c�:� 1 oAs�s �6 ki ng r}pTE� f 1 � J o� o f } N 4 po rto�a 141 DATE: February 6, 1985 TO: City Council FROM: Planning Director via Community Development Director CASE NO. HSPB-10 - OASIS HOTEL. TOWER RECOMMENDATION: The Historic Site Preservation Board (HSPB) recommends that the City Council receive public comment regarding the desiqnation of the Oasis Hotel Tower as an historic site, and the HSPB further recommends that the Council designate the Tower, and the attached structure, as a Class 7 Historic Site. BACKGROUND: At its meeting of October 8, 1984, the HSPB initiated proceedings to designate the Oasis Hotel Tower as a City historic site. The HSPB, on January 14, 1985, held its public hearing for which notices were sent to all property owners within 300 feet of the Oasis property. Based upon the written documentation presented at this hearing, and support from the property owner, the HSPB recommended by unanimous vote (Hayes absent) designation of the Oasis Hotel Tower, and the attached structure, as a Class 7 Historic Site. Class 7 is the most restrictive category for historic designation allowed for in Ordinance 1140 and provides for protection against any modification to the site without City Council approval, whether or not permits would normally be required; the designation also requires that the site be appropriately demarked with a plaque. The text of the other six categories is included in the attached excerpt. The original Oasis Hotel, constructed between 1923-25, contained approximately 20 units and included the Tower Building, the only three- story hotel in Palm Springs for many years. The Moderne/Art Deco style hotel, designed by Lloyd Wright, the son of Frank Lloyd Wright, was constructed of solid concrete using a slip-form technique which was quite advanced for that time. The layers of poured concrete gave the one-and two-story hotel and commercial building a strong horizontal effect. The exterior walls are 18 inches thick; the interior walls are 12 inches thick. The 40-foot tower, with a pyramidal roof, provided access t❑ the upper- story rooms and a roof-top terrace. The topmost room was called I �S "Lorretta Young's room", being her favorite in Palm Springs even as a 1�p child. Operating under the ownership of Pearl McManus, John Crawford and Dewey Metzfdorf, the Oasis was one of three important "carriage trade", American plan, hotels; the others were Nellie Coffmann's Desert Inn and p Ruth Hardy'e Ingleside Inn. 4"The Tower, a landmark for many years, has remained basically unaltered although it will require some renovation. The remaining original buildings are in good condition but have been significantly altered and, therefore, are not being recommended for historic designation; the n commercial building has had additions to the rear along with changes to IN�.L the street facade, and the hotel building in the southwest corner of n the property has had a second-story addition. `p"Q/ The McCallum Adobe, once used as a part of the original Hotel, has been moved to the Village Green and designated as a Class 7 Historic Site; �o portions of the dining hall have also been moved to the Village Green and now Contain retail shops. A portion of the original site now con- tains the Oasis Commercial Building constructed in 1952, 3 1 7 1 4 Z This historic site designation has been identified as exempt under the provisions of CEQA. APPROVED: A. N ON Director of Planning Dir tar of Community Oe lopment APPROVED:_--� nag ATTACHMENTS: 1.1. Resolution 2. Site Plan 3. HSPB Minutes of 1/14/85 4. Excerpt from Ordinance 1140 5. Letter of Endorsement from Property Owner 1 t4 2ft q January 14, 1985 HSPB MINUTES Page 2 AGENDA ITEMS PUBLIC Oasis Hotel Tower/Hi or Site Desi nation Case BHSPB-I()) Staff presented is recommendatio stgrica photographs g the asis otel, and conies of the ans for the Hotel by Lloyd >4right. The public hearing was opened with Nathan Cohen, the majority owner of the Tower property, presenting a letter to the RSPB in support of the designation of the Tower as an historic site. The public hearinq was closed with no further comment. Motion: M/S/C unanimously (McKinney/Henderson; Kitty Hayes absent) to recommend to the City Council that they designate the Oasis Hotel Tower and the adjoining structure as a Class 7 Historic Site. Staff will donate the copies of the original plans of the Oasis Hotel to the Palm Springs Historical Society once this case is closed. Pacific Building/Historic Site Designation (Case_ #RSPB-13). Staff revi ed t�discussI&i ww ich—had taken pace at t e December 10, 1984, meet and presented its recommendation. The public hearing was opened with Rose Mihata, an owner the Pacific Building, stating that her partner, T.J. Haga, is opposed o the proposed historic designation because he feels that there are no b efits to the prop- erty owners. Mrs. Mihata stated that she, herself, i not opposed to such designation and that it is her intention to preserve a historical character of the Pacific Building and has already taken eps to renovate certain features; she commented, however, that there is financial aid available to her for renovation purposes. Janice Lyle stated that it is_ the Board' responsibility to insure that the City's needs for preserving its histor are met and that, 'although there may not be a particular benefit for one ' dividual, there is a long term benefit for the community. Discussion ensued regarding th responsibility of the purchaser of an older building to check into the p sibility of historic designation. Mrs. Mihata stated that she had contac d City staff in this matter and had been told that the building was not be' g considered; she also stated that they would not have purchased the bui ing had they known it was on the survey. Janice Lyle stated that the Bo should, then, be angry at some City staff for not providing the pro r information. (Note: Planninq Division/Redevelopment Agency staffs w ing with historical preservation activities were not con- tacted prior t the public hearing process.) Discussion ensued regarding the potential limitation of use within this buildin Staff assured Mrs. Mihata that neither tha RSPB nor the City Counci have yet acted to limit use beyond that which is regulated by other Cit rdinances and that this case would be no different. s. Mihata suggested that cooperation from the private sector in historic preservation matters might be easier to achieve if the City could offer some incentives to the property owner. She stated that she is in favor of what the 144 s financial management consultants, inc. N7999 RNEWAk ORIVE/WTE110 TOLUCA LAKE, CALFORMA 91602 TELEPHONES 20 769 7a22 — B77 4845 NATHAN W. COHEN HON.ROBERT s.DONFELD wc,c:w. a ca.au January 14, 1485 Historic Site Preservation Board of the City of Palm Springs cPalm Springs, California Re: Designation of Oasis Hotel Tower as Historic Site Dear Honorable Board Members: As owner of the property on which the Oasis Hotel Tower is located, I fully support its designation as an Historic Site by the City of Palm Springs, and I heartily endorse your recommendation to the Palm Springs City Council to that effect. The City has been aware that it has long been my intention to develop my property to its highest and best use, and accordingly, I want to ex- press my great concern about three matters which are related to the Oasis Hotel Tower. First, it is important that only those structures adjoining the Tower, as indicated in your Site Plan, and which are necessary for its physical support, be designated Historic Sites. Second, I should not be restricted from renovating or improving those adjoining structures as long as the Tower is itself preserved. Third, it may be necessary to move the Tower to some other location within the property, such as to the middle of a new shopping center development, or to some other location outside of the property. My information is that this should present no problem as long as adequate care is taken to avoid harm to the Tower, and of course, I would expect to take all of the necessary appropriate precautions. I am hopeful that your recommendations to the Palm Springs City Council concerning the Oasis Hotel Tower will specifically refer to and be con- sist�ent with my three expressed concerns. f. Very truly yours, FINANCIAL MANA I T CONSULTANTS, INC. Nathan W. Coh President NWC:mah 145 CITY OF PALM SPRINGS PUBLIC NOTIFICATION o•N1 Date: April 18, 2018 Subject: Historic Site Designation of "The Oasis Hotel' AFFIDAVIT OF PUBLICATION I, Cynthia A. Berardi, CMC, Chief Deputy City Clerk, of the City of Palm Springs, California, do hereby certify that a copy of the attached Notice of Public Hearing was published in the Desert Sun on April 7, 2018. 1 declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct. Cynt is erardi, CMC Chief Deputy City Clerk AFFIDAVIT OF POSTING I, Cynthia A. Berardi, CMC, Interim Chief Deputy City Clerk, of the City of Palm Springs, California, do hereby certify that a copy of the attached Notice of Public Hearing was posted at City Hall, 3200 E. Tahquitz Canyon Drive, on the exterior legal notice posting board, and in the Office of the City Clerk on April 5, 2018. 1 declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct. Cynth a A. Berardi, CMC Chief Deputy City Clerk AFFIDAVIT OF MAILING I, Cynthia A. Berardi, CMC, Chief Deputy City Clerk, of the City of Palm Springs, California, do hereby certify that a copy of the attached Notice of Public Hearing was mailed to each and every person on the attached list on April 5, 2018, in a sealed envelope, with postage prepaid, and depositing same in the U.S. Mail at Palm Springs, California. (190 notices) I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct. Cynthia A. Berardi, CMC Chief Deputy City Clerk PO Box 23430 mediagraUp Green Bay,WI 54305-3430 Tat:760-778.45781 Fax 760-778-4731 n+R1DFiliEt541WhY NETV,De% Email:legals@thedesertsun.com PROOF OF PUBLICATION A&Imm '. X U') NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING l is tS-TATE OF CALIFORNIA SS. CITY COUNCIL CITY OF PALM SPRINGS - ¢OUNTYOFRIVERSIDE AN AMENDMENT TO THE CLASS I HISTORIC SITE DESIGNATION FOR'THE bA515 +:c : HOTEL' TO INCORPORATE THE OA515 HOTEL DINING HALL LOCATED qT 211- ''r,. 219 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AND THE COMMERCIAL STOREFRONT AND tyJ W CASITA BUILDINGS LOCATED AT 121 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE,DESIGNED J G to -- BY MASTER ARCHFfECf LLOYD WRI,GHT;ZONE CBO,(CASE HSPB 10 AMINO) V fir NOTICE 15 HEREBY GIVEN that the City Council of the City of Palm Springgs, OF�LM SPRINGS/LEGAL$ California,will hold a public hearing at its meeting of April 18 2018.The Cittyy Council meeting begins at 6:00 p.m., in the Coundl Chamber a i City Hall,3200 PO'BOX 21t43 `'T East Tahquitz Canyon Way,Palm Springs. m rJ The purpose of this hearing is to consider a recommendation~ by the HSPB to O - amend the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to Incorporate the PALNk SPIFR6GS'CA 92263 ,Oasis Hotel Dinin Hall located at 211-219 South Palm Canyon Drive and the mmmerclal storefr Drive. ont and casita buildings located at 121 South Palm Canyon. ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION; The proposed historic site,designation is .not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (fEQAI pursuant to /oreseeable indirect physicaltchadge�iln the enviI inein a dire 1 or reasonabI I am over the age of 18 years old,a citizen of the a tiYiry m not a pr0)e t as defined In Se ion 15378)of the CEQA Gulde)line e California Cade of Re9ulatlons,Tkle 14,Chapter 3,because it has no potential United States and not a party to,or have interest in fw resulting fin pity al hinges to the environment,dire ly or Indira ty. REVIEW OF%or ub INFORMATION: The application and related documents this matter. I hereby certify that the attached are available for public review at City all be wean the hours of8:00 a.m.and 6:00 p.m., Monday through Thursda . Please contact the s 0,c. of the City advertisement appeared in said newspaper(set in °fie duo, e�3�z3 8204 If you would Ske to schetlule an appointment to review type not smaller than non pariel) in each and entire COMMENT ON THIS APPUCAnON: Response to this notice may be made verbally at the Public Hearin and/or In writing before the hearing.Written issue of said newspaper and not in an supplement comments can be made ,'to the Ci Council b email at Y PP ctyderk®Palmspringsca.govor letter(for mail orfianddellve y ry)to: - thereof on the following dates,to wit: Anthonyy 1.Me)ia,MMG city Clerk . 3209 E.Tahgwtz Canyon Way Palm Springs,CA 92262 An challenge of the proposed project I-court may be limited to raising only 04/07/18 hose issues ralsed at the public hearing described in this notice or in written (Government Code Section 65009(b)(z' correspondence delivered to the Ciryry).Clescrk at. or prior to,the public hearing. A.opportunity will be given at said hearing for all interested persons to be I acknowledge that I am a principal clerk of the Associate uesti net regard ffi3n-824is case may be directed to Ken Lyon, FLA, Planneprinter of The Desert Sun,printed and published SI necesita ayuda con esta wrta porfavor Ilame a Is Ciudad de Palm Springs y puede hablar con Felipe Prim i era elefano(760)323-8253. weekly in the City of Palm Springs,County of Riverside, State of California.The Desert Sun was Anthony J.Mefcity Cl r`k adjudicated a Newspaper of general circulation on March 24, 1988 by the Superior Court of the County of Riverside, State of California Case No. \ 191236. ( �� I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct. Executed on this 9th of April 2018 in Palm Springs,California. PublishM:April],2018-- W V y ,,v DECLARANT Ad#:0002844105 P O: HSPB 10-Oasis Hotel #of Affidavits:1 NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING CITY COUNCIL CITY OF PALM SPRINGS AN AMENDMENT TO THE CLASS 1 HISTORIC SITE DESIGNATION FOR `THE OASIS HOTEL" TO INCORPORATE THE OASIS HOTEL DINING HALL LOCATED AT 211-219 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE AND THE COMMERCIAL STOREFRONT AND CASITA BUILDINGS LOCATED AT 121 SOUTH PALM CANYON DRIVE, DESIGNED BY MASTER ARCHITECT LLOYD WRIGHT; ZONE CBD, (CASE HSPB 10 AMND) NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the City Council of the City of Palm Springs, California, will hold a public hearing at its meeting of April 18, 2018. The City Council meeting begins at 6:00 p.m., in the Council Chamber at City Hall, 3200 East Tahquitz Canyon Way, Palm Springs. The purpose of this hearing is to consider a recommendation by the HSPB to amend the Class 1 historic site designation of the Oasis Hotel to incorporate the Oasis Hotel Dining Hall located at 211- 219 South Palm Canyon Drive and the commercial storefront and casita buildings located at 121 South Palm Canyon Drive. ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION: The proposed historic site designation is not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Section 15060(c)(2) (the activity will not result in a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment) and 15060(c)(3) (the activity is not a project as defined in Section 15378) of the CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 3, because it has no potential for resulting in physical changes to the environment, directly or indirectly. REVIEW OF PROJECT INFORMATION: The application and related documents are available for public review at City Hall between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m., Monday through Thursday. Please contact the Office of the City Clerk at (760) 323-8204 if you would like to schedule an appointment to review these documents. COMMENT ON THIS APPLICATION: Response to this notice may be made verbally at the Public Hearing and/or in writing before the hearing. Written comments can be made to the City Council by email at cityclerke_palmspringsca.gov or letter (for mail or hand delivery) to: Anthony J. Mejia, MMC, City Clerk 3200 E. Tahquitz Canyon Way Palm Springs, CA 92262 Any challenge of the proposed project in court may be limited to raising only those issues raised at the public hearing described in this notice, or in written correspondence delivered to the City Clerk at, or prior to, the public hearing. (Government Code Section 65009[b][2]). An opportunity will be given at said hearing for all interested persons to be heard. Questions regarding this case may be directed to Ken Lyon, RA, Associate Planner, at (760) 323-8245. Si necesita ayuda con esta carta, porfavor Ilame a la Ciudad de Palm Springs y puede hablar con Felipe Primera telefono (760) 323-8253. Ark+on J. Me'i C City Clerk N do pPiM SaOZ Department of Planning Services w E Vicinity Map oy<�roa��p 020 o z - D CBD CBD -- C CBDRA RA ' a RIIA PD a --- W TAHQUITZ CANYON WAY - E TAHQUITZ CANYON WAY LPDI, cu NARENASRD R3 R3 CBD CBDRA z z 0 0zARENAS RD V za R3 J CBD f zzamCBD - _R7 O .R3 , . .._... R3o CU cai f9 - K .o R2 .... R2 _ _ _... a w CBD m CU HR _... Legend PD .LSC ®Site A BARISTO RD W R ®Site 6 �500' SiteARadius LSC NSP R W �500' SteB Radius ___P3 CBD CBD NSP SATURNINO_RD Zoning R _.._... Parcels ! LSC�,_. HR The Oasis Hotel Case HSPB 10 AMND 121, 211, & 219 South Palm Canyon Drive NEIGHBORHOOD SPONSOR REPS ' Case HSP 10 MR PETER MORUZZI HISTORIC AND PALM SPRINGS MODERN COMMITTEE % The Oasls Hotel 1 k ,PHN for CC Mee'ti�404,1$18 FiISFOE{IC'SJTE,J�EP s ? P.O. BOX 4738 PALM SPRINGS, CA 92263-4738 CITY OF PALM SPRINGS 'x a ya '�^ PLANNING SERVICES DEPARTMENT ' 1VERIF CAT(RNNOTiCE4+��''a ATTN SECRETARY/HSPB 10 PO BOX 2743 PALM SPRINGS, CA 92263-2743 MRS PATRICIA GARCIA-PLOTKIN, MS MARGARET PARK, DIRECTOR DIRECTOR 'AGUA,CALIENTE„BAND OF+GAHUILL/`< AGUA CALIENTE BAND OF CAHUILLA TRIBAL HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE t INDIANS AGUA CALIENTE BAND OF CAHUILLA PLANNING&DEVELOPMENT DEPT. INDIANS 5401 DINAH SHORE DRIVE 5401 DINAH SHORE DRIVE PALM SPRINGS, CA 92264 PALM SPRINGS,CA 92264 MR FRANK TYSEN MR JOSEPH ONTIVEROS CASA CODY INN SOBOBA BAND OF LUISENO INDIANS INTERESTED PARTIES-d «5 CULTURAL RESOURCES MANAGER 175 S. CAHUILLA ROAD PALM SPRINGS, CA 92262 P.O. BOX 487 SAN JACINTO, CA 92581 MR RAYMOND HUAUTE MR,MICHAEL MIRE EZ MR DOUG TODD WELMAS CULTURAL Ti ITN o�eni Ior� GOORDI ninTno CULTURAL RESOURCE SPECIALIST o�c nenoTini��ncccoT rnui in n TRIBAL CHAIRMAN Tno MORONGO BAND OF MISSION INDIANS r.iRES CABAZON BAND OF MISSION INDIANS IDIAN12700 PUMARRA ROAD p Q R 84-245 INDIO SPRINGS PARKWAY BANNING,CA 92220 nn INDIO, CA 92203 Tu�oni rn n���n (AS Of 05/08/17) MS JACQUELYN BARNUM MR DARRELL MIKE,TRIBAL CHAIRMAN ENVIRONMENTAL DIRECTOR TWENTY-NINE PALMS BAND OF CABAZON BAND OF MISSION INDIANS MISSION INDIANS 84-245 INDIO SPRINGS DRIVE 46-200 HARRISON PLACE INDIO, CA 92201 COACHELLA, CA 92236 I SPONSORS �J-';i -0 PDS CANYON DESERT,HAZE Current Occupant -038 513-151-038 513-151-038 M CANYON DR 14900 HINDRY AVE 200 S CAHUILLA RD PRINGS CA 92262-6312 HAWTHORNE CA 90250-6761 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6334 CH II Current Occ nt Current Occupant 4 513-151- 513-142-001 28 220 S UILLA RD 155 S BELARDO RD A 90264-6528 PA SPRINGS CA 92262-6334 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6327 F PALM SPRINGS NO ROOMS TONIGHT LLC Current Occupant -017 513-142-003 513-142-003 TAHQUITZ CANYON WAY 1750 14TH ST STE E 200 W ARENAS RD SPRINGS CA 92262-6959 SANTA MONICA CA 90404-4353 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6306 A INVESTMENT CO SEES CANDY SHOPS INC Current Occupant 060-012-874 513-144-009 SOUTH CA H SAN 000-012-874 115 S INDIAN CANYON DR S FR REALANCISCO CA 94080- 144 S PALM CANYON DR#7 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6603 SO 5968 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 Current Occupant CHICOS FAS INC Current Occupant 000-102-331 000-154-644 000-154-644 138 S PALM CANYON DR 8 106 PO BOX 2580 155 S PALM CANYON DF PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 WESTERVILLE OH 43086-2580 PALM SPRINGS CA 922 MERCADO, PLAZA Current Occupant FEIST FAMILY F' 513-143-019 513-143-019 000-259-177 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 155 S PALM CANYON DR 38412 PARAD- PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8303 CATHEDRA Current Occupant Current Occupant DIAN' 000-259-177 000-244-489 000 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-2 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-1 2a PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 Current Occupant RUBYS PALM RING LTD 000-219-518 000-168-962 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE A-7 850 201 5XIPYARD WAY k STE E S- NV SPRINGS CA 92262-8300 NE ORT BEACH CA 92663- JI Current Occupant Current Occupant 000-260-835 000-212-805 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-5 155 S PALM CANYON,,-,�qs PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 PALM SPRINGS CAP S Current Occupant HERNANDEZ,Mn, 000-219-515 000-256-080 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE A-4 PO BOX 2366 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8305 PALM SPRINGS CA 92263-_ 4 pALM,PDS CANYON DESERT,HAZE Current Occupant 513-154-038 513-151-038 513-151-038 222 S P ALM CANYON DR 14900 HINDRY AVE 200 S CAHUILLA RD pALM,;PRINGS CA 92262-6312 HAWTHORNE CA 90250-6761 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262.6334 NEW, CH�JRCH II Current Occ nt Current Occupant 513-151-044 513-I51- 513-142-001 PO BOX 6528 220 S UILLA RD 155 S BELARDO RD MALIBU CA 90264-6528 P SPRINGS CA 92262-6334 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6327 Y CITY OF PALM SPRINGS NO ROOMS TONIGHT LLC Current Occupant 513-143-017 513-142-003 513-142-003 3200 F,TAHQUITZ CANYON WAY 1750 14TH ST STE E 200 W ARENAS RD PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6959 SANTA MONICA CA 90404-4353 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6306 PLA:bA INVESTMENT CO SEES CANDY SHOPS INC Current Occupant 513-144-009 000-012-874 000-012-874 115 S INDIAN CANYON DR 210 EL CAMINO REAL 144 S PALM CANYON DR#7 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6603 SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO CA 94080- PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 5968 Current Occupant CHICOS FAS INC Current Occupant 000-102-331 000-154-644 000-154-644 138 S PALM CANYON DR# 106 PO BOX 2580 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-4 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 WESTERVILLE OH 43086-2580 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 MERCADO,PLAZA Current Occupant FEIST FAMILY ENTERPRISES LLC 513-143-019 513-143-019 000-259-177 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 155 S PALM CANYON DR 38412 PARADISE WAY PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8303 CATHEDRAL CITY CA 92234-2243 Current Occupant Current Occupant DIANES INC 000-259-177 000-244-489 000-219-518 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-2 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-1 2401 W 208TH ST PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 TORRANCE CA 90501-6212 Current Occupant RUBYS PALM RING LTD Current Occupant 000/201YARD 000-219-518 000-168-962 850 WAY# STE E STE155 S PALM CANYON DR STE A-7 155 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8300 rEACH CA 92663- PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8303 Current Occupant Current Occupant HATS UNLIMITED INC 000-260-835 000-212-805 000-219-515 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-5 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-7 1567 SPRINNAKER DR#N0101 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8302 VENTURE CA 93001- Current Occupant HERNANDEZ,MARIO Current Occupant 000-219-515 000-256-080 000-256-080 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE A-4 PO BOX 2366 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE A-5 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8305 PALM SPRINGS CA 92263-2366 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8305 Zap�89 aGP�Vq 9ll g3 5 1555y�g GS0, TVoS�G 4PL�SY 3 L� AV� Nk #�0 p�.32p0 e��Occ"IV 000 282' rtiSS Cp CP9 CUO 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AER, \V1L�A �Z1 Y Pl, ,53p0\ PDNP� 03p3"3�g3 Lp •clA 1 5�35 LB�O Gx Cp 9 513_A5A" 652a 9p264.652g Soo t LOlyGB yO9lBA}Cf' 6SI v ad rA" YGS CPS, p005SYPy �pGrS1CP9O6 .63A0 C5,9 0X24,3� A5 Yt�GSGP92�602� S YO BrA S4g11y VUo P y P3- MOB6A 2 coO9)&)- 10 J9;54 4oGSCA Y PX,�4 /Vs c iv 'Curren Occupant JP EVANS VENTURES INC Current Occupant 000-28' -287 000-282-289 000-282-289 155 S P. LM CANYON DR STE A-1 601 VAN NESS AVE#NO 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE A-2 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8305 SAN FRANCISCO CA 94102-3200 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8305 HEAVENLY COUTURE INC Current Occupant Current Occupant 000-282-290 000-282-290 000-283-964 5355 PRODUCTION DR 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-3 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-21 HUNTINGTON BEACH CA 92649-1522 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8302 Current Occupant MCDONALD,JOHN CHARLES Current Occupant 000-256-111 513-143-005 513-143-005 189 S PALM CANYON DR 49035 CALLE FLORA 187 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6303 LA QUINTA CA 92253-2547 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6303 Current Occupant LUNDIN,JANE MAGEE Current Occupant 000-281-852 513-143-006 513-143-006 120 W ARENAS RD 1400 PINNACLE CT APT 411 120 W ARENAS RD PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6302 POINT RICHMOND CA 94801-4178 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6302 SLAYMAN,JOYCE E Current Occupant Current Occupant 513-144-005 513-144-005 000-219-524 121 S PALM CANYON DR STE 216 186 S PALM CANYON DR 198 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6378 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6356 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6356 SFO FORECAST INC Current Occupant WERWER ONE THOUSAND LLC 000-265-961 000-265-961 513-151-039 496 JEFFERSON ST 186 S PALM CANTON DR PO BOX 6528 SAN FRANCISCO CA 94109-1315 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6356 MALIBU CA 90264-6528 Current Occupant BELARDO COURT ASSOC Current Occupant 513-151-039 513-151-040 513-151-040 239 W ARENAS RD 4111 E MADISON ST#490 205 S BELARDO RD PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6301 SEATTLE WA 98112-3241 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6344 TAUCHER,WILDA LOOFF Current Occupant EAST EL PASEO 111 INC 513-153-001 513-153-001 000-144-249 5335 E BROADWAY 205 S PALM CANYON DR 41841 BEACON HL#NO LONG BEACH CA 90803-3581 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6310 PALM DESERT CA 92211-5190 Current Occupant NEW,C H I1 Current Occupant 000-144-249 513-151- 1 513-151-041 205 S PALM CANYON DR PO B 6528 261 S BELARDO RD PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6310 MAIBU CA 90264-6528 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6329 MOBARAK, LUTFA CITY OF 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92262-6632 Current Occupant Current Occupant PLAZA INDIAN AVE INC 000-168-869 000-268-268 009-601-690 196 S INDIAN CANYON DR 214 E ARENAS RD 115 S INDIAN CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6632 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6603 Current Occupant GAYMART ERNATIONAL INC Current Occupant 009-601-690 000-156- 6 000-156-256 188 S INDIAN CANYON DR PM B 8 305 E ARENAS RD PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 P M SPRINGS CA 92264- PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-66r35 Current Occupant PLAZA INDIAN AVENUE INC PLAZA INDIAN AVE INC 000-281-926 508-085-002 009-601-691 217 E ARENAS RD 217 E ARENAS RD 115 S INDIAN CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262- PALM SPRINGS CA 92262- PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6603 Current Occupant Current Occupant ROBRAY HOTEL PARTNERSHIP 009-601-691 000-250-310 508-085-005 200 S INDIAN CANYON DR 301 E ARENAS RD 2229 HARBOR BAY PKWY PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6618 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6635 ALAMEDA CA 94502-3026 Current Occupant BARISTO G UP Current Occ ❑t 508-085-005 513-151- 513-151- 7 222 S INDIAN CANYON DR 2688 ACIFIC COAST HWY 284 ARISTO RD PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6619 M IBU CA 90265-4517 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6318 LGS STEAKHOUSE PALM SPRINGS Current Occupant CANIU,MI ' AEL A LLC 000-143-075 513-153- 000-143-075 255 S PALM CANYON DR STE B2 68275 ALLE LAS TIENDAS PALM DESERT CA 92260-4119 EL P S PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6369 DESERT HOT SPRINGS CA 92240-6409 PAL Current Occupa Current Occupant JOEY AT PALM SPRINGS LLC 513-153-03 000-256-251 000-281-975 245 S P CANYON DR 245 S PALM CANYON DR 2158 S BROADMOOR DR PAL :PRINGS CA 92262-6368 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6368 PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-5942 Current Occupant Current Occupant NFW, CH II 000-281-975 000-147-837 513-151- _ 245 S PALM CANYON DR STE Al 285 S PALM CANYON DR STE D7 PO B 6528 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6368 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6360 MA IBU CA 90264-6528 Current Occupant 1 ALALA,PROP Current Occupant 513-151-042 513-154-016 000-157-986 261 S BELARDO RD 266 S PALM CANYON DR 266 S PALM CANYON DR STE B PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6329 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6312 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6367 FRANKS,ZACHARY Current Occupant 296 PALM CqKON LLC 513-154-017 513-154-017 513-154-0 875 KUMULANI DR 262 S PALM CANYON DR 201 R HIRE BLVD STE A29 KIHEI HI 96753-9207 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6312 S A MONICA CA 90401-1209 Current Occupant CITY OF PAL SPRINGS Current Occupant 513-154-040 513-154-0 513-154-048 296 S PALM CANYON DR 3200E QUITZ CANYON WAY 275 S INDIAN CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6312 P SPRINGS CA 92262-6959 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6617 SMITH&HALL DESERT PROP Current Occupant BEVERAGES&MORE INC 513-203-013 513-203-013 000-283-858 68895 PEREZ RD STE 9 333 S PALM CANYON DR 1401 WILLOW PASS RD#N0900 CATHEDRAL CITY CA 92234-7255 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-7301 CONCORD CA 94520-7982 C=� Current Occupant PALM SPRINGS ART MUSEUM INC Current Occupant 000-283-858 513-204-008 513-204-008 333 S PALM CANYON DR#4 101 N MUSEUM DR 300 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-7301 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-5659 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-7302 rJ t� ¢x HST"�S /n /�Clz U�S � , h`vf. t� ( /.1 / s/'r ) �-` 7`• ix. /X(�j WESSMAN,HOLDINGS DTPS C 12 Current Occupant 513-144-012 513-560-073 513-560-073 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 100 W TAHQUITZ CANYON WAY PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6390 SPRINGS,PALM PROMENADE WESSMAN,FJOLDINGS Current Oc pant 513-560-045 513-092-0 SE WAY STE 200 513-09 09 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 555 S 165 INDIAN CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PAJA SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 P M SPRINGS CA 92262-6420 Current Occupant WESSMAN,HOLDINGS Current Occupant 000-260-874 513-092-010 513-092-010 119 S INDIAN CANYON DR 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 146 N PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6603 PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-5504 Current Occupant PROP,FRANK Current Occupant 000-281-675 513-092-005 513-092-005 146 N PALM CANYON DR 550 N CAHUILLA RD 134 N PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-5504 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-5678 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262- Current Occupant WESSMAN, LDINGS Current Oc ant 000-040-279 513-092-0 513-09 03 140 E PALM CANYON DR 555 S S RISE WAY STE 200 149 IAN CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-8822 PAL SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 P M SPRINGS CA 92262-6420 Current Occupant SPRINGS,PALM PROMENADE DIPS C 12 000-187-215 513-560-060 513-560-074 149 S INDIAN CANYON DR# 127 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6603 PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 Current Occupant BRANDENBUR , OASIS PLAZA Current Occ ant 513-560-074 513-143ECA 513-143- 9 100 W TAHQUITZ CANYON WAY 1122 WIST STE 200 101 S ALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6390 SAN I 5125-3103 PAW SPRINGS CA 92262-6303 STARBUCKS CORP Current Occu t ZARHILL PARTNERS 000-126-955 000-126-9 000-264-206 PO BOX 34442 101 S M CANYON DR 1021 E VIA SAN DIMAS RD SEATTLE WA 9 8 1 24-1442 P SPRINGS CA 92262-6303 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-1763 Current Occupant RAMLA USA INC Current Occupant 000-264-206 000-268-471 000-268-471 111 LA PLAZA 128 E PALM AVE#NO 100 105 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6382 MONROVIA CA 91016-5108 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6303 PALM CORNER ASSOC Current Occupant INTERNATIONAL COFFEE&TEA 513-092-004 513-092-004 LLC 0 121 S PALM CANYON DR STE 216 100 N PALM CANYON DR 570 WILSHIRE PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6378 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-5504 LOS ANGEL SA 90 #N0120 LOS ANGELES CA 90036-3659 /�j Current Occupant GERHARDT,DESIREE Current Occupant 000-220-624 000-231-074 000-231-074 100 N PALM CANYON DR PO BOX 4448 134 E TAHQUITZ CANYON WAY PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-5504 PALM SPRINGS CA 92263-4448 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6431 WESSMAN,HOLDINGS Current Occupant Current Occupant 513-144-011 513-144-011 000-219-522 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 124 S PALM CANYON DR 124 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 WESSMAN,HOLDINGS Current Occupant Current Occupant 513-144-013 513-144-013 000-101-334 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 134 S PALM CANYON DR 134 S PALM CANYON DR# 104 PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 PLAZA,LA LORES Current Occ nt SB0 SC7O 1513-S144- 513- 44- 00230 - PI 135555 SEWAYSTE200 AITZ CANYON WAY 110P MCYN PAL SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PALSPRNGS CA 92262-6430 P M SPRINGS CA 92262- Current Occupant PLAZA, LAS ORES Current Occupa 000-237-96 513-144-0 513-144-0 135 E T QU11'Z CANYON WAY# 555 S SE WAY STE 200 116 S LM CANYON DR I lOB PAL SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 P M SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 P SPRINGS CA 92262-6430 PLAZA WELMAS INC Current Occupant Current Occupant 508-081-002 508-081-002 000-250-293 115 S INDIAN CANYON DR 100 S INDIAN CANYON DR 267 E TAIQUITZ CANYON WAY PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6603 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6432 SIAM GOURM LTD INC Current Occupant Current Occupant 000-265-862 000-265-862 513-142-001 PO BOX,,,2016 100 S INDIAN CANYON DR 155 S BELARDO RD PALM PRINGS CA 92263-2916 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6327 NO ROOMS TONIGHT LLC Current Occupant PLAZA INVESTMENT CO 513-142-003 513-142-003 513-144-009 1750 14TH ST STE E 200 W ARENAS RD 115 S INDIAN CANYON DR SANTA MONICA CA 90404-4353 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6306 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6603 SEES CANDY SHOPS INC 000-012-874 Current Occupant Current Occupant 000 01 -874CAM REAL 000-012-874 000-102-331 SOUTH SAN NO REAL CA 94080- 144 S PALM CANYON DR#7 138 S PALM CANYON DR# 106 5968 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6330 MERCADO,PLAZA Current Occupant CHICOS FAS INC 513-143-019 513-143-019 000-154-644 555 S SUNRISE WAY STE 200 155 S PALM CANYON DR PO BOX 2580 PALM SPRINGS CA 92264-7894 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8303 WESTERVILLE OH 43086-2580 Current Occupant RUBYS PALM SPRING LTD Current Occupant 000-154-644 000-168-962850 201 SHIPYARD WAY#STE E STE 000-168-962 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-4 NO 155 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 NEWPORT BEACH CA 92663- PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8303 DIANES INC Current Occupant Current Occupant 000-219-518 000-219-518 000-244-489 2401 W 208TH ST 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE A-7 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-1 TORRANCE CA 90501-6212 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8300 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 FEIST FAMILY ENTERPRISES LLC Current Occupant Current Occupant 000-259-177 000-259-177 000-260-835 38412 PARADISE WAY 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-2 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-5 CATHEDRAL CITY CA 92234-2243 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 Current Occupant HATS UNLIMITED INC Current Occupant 000-212-805 000-219-515 000-219-515 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-7 1567 SPRINNAKER DR#NOW 1 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE A-4 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8302 VENTURE CA 93001- PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8305 HERNANDEZ,MARIO Current Occupant Current Occupant 000-256-080 000-256-080 000-282-287 PO BOX 2366 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE A-5 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE A-1 PALM SPRINGS CA 92263-2366 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8305 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8305 JP EVANS VENTURES INC Current Occ ant HEAVENLY COUTURE INC 000-282-289 000Z829 000-282-290 601 VAN NESS AVE#NO 155M CANYON DR STE A-2 5355 PRODUCTION DR SAN FRANCISCO CA 94102-3200 PAINGS CA 92262-8305 HUNTINGTON BEACH CA 92649-1522 Current Occupant Current Occupant BRANDENBURG, OASIS PLAZA 000-282-290 000-283-964 513-143-008 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-3 155 S PALM CANYON DR STE B-21 121 S PALM CANYON DR STE 216 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8301 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-8302 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6378 Current Occupant ESCALANTE, CHITECTS Current Occupant 513-143-008 000-233-44 000-233-445 139 S PALM CANYON DR PO BO 972 121 S PALM CANYON DR STE 222 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6303 PALWSPRINGS CA 92263-1972 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6378 Current Occupant MCDONALD,JOHN CHARLES Current Occupant 000-281-671 513-143-005 513-143-005 139 S PALM CANYON DR 49035 CALLE FLORA 187 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6303 LA QUINTA CA 92253-2547 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6303 Current Occupant LUNDIN,JANE MAGEE Current Occupant 000-256-111 513-143-006 513-143-006 189 S PALM CANYON DR 1400 PINNACLE CT APT 411 120 W ARENAS RD PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6303 POINT RICHMOND CA 94801-4178 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6302 Current Occupant SLAYMAN,JOYCE E Current Occupant 000-281-852 513-144-005 513-144-005 120 W ARENAS RD 121 S PALM CANYON DR STE 216 186 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6302 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6378 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6356 Current Occupant SFO FORECAST INC Current Occupant 000-219-524 000-265-961 000-265-961 198 S PALM CANYON DR 496 JEFFERSON ST 186 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6356 SAN FRANCISCO CA 94109-1315 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6356 TAUCHER, WILDA LOOFF Current Occupant EAST ELPASEO I I I INC 513-153-001 513-153-001 000-144-249 5335 E BROADWAY 205 S PALM CANYON DR 41841 BEACON HL#NO LONG BEACH CA 90803-3581 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6310 PALM DESERT CA 92211-5190 Current Occupant VENCE,REALTY Current Occupant 000-144-249 513-154-039 513-154-039 205 S PALM CANYON DR 12161 SAINT ANDREWS DR 200 S PALM CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6310 RANCHO MIRAGE CA 92270-1507 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6312 Current Occupant RICHARDS, DIANA APHM Current Occupant 000-259-216 009-000-445 009-000-445 200 S PALM CANYON DR 2150 TAMARISK RD 150 S INDIAN CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6312 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-5956 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 ZOSO APH Curren[Occupant Current Occupant 009-607-5 Current CurrentOcc 8910 VERSITY CENTER LN STE 150 S INDIAN CANYON DR 150 S INDIAN CANYON DR 000-263-586 100 S DIEGO CA 92 122-1 01 6 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 HARD ROCK CAFE INTERNATIONAL Current Occupant AUDIO VISU SERVICES GROUP INC 000-266-719 INC 000-266-719 000-26 -198 OLD PARK LN 150 S INDIAN CANYON DR ORL 10 IVER RD#NO300 RLANDO FL 32835-2466 PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 5S , ILLER PARK IL 60176-1058 Current Occupant ZOSO,APHM Current Occ ant 000-267-198 009-607-578 009-607 8 150 S INDIAN CANYON DR 2301 ROSECRANS AVE STE 2110 1 76 S DIAN CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 EL SEGUNDO CA 90245-7801 PAL SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 USA, BIA Current Oc 4ant 508-081-008 508-081 R 176 S INDIAN AVE 176 IAN CANYON DR PALM SPRINGS CA 92262- P M SPRINGS CA 92262-6604 Neighborhood Map-1/2 Mile Radius HSPB 10—Amendment to the Class 1 designation of a historic site Baristo nixonSF@aol.com Alternate baristonei¢hborhood@amail.com Historic Tennis Club pb@mcisfca.com Alternate kfalcon2000@vahoo.com Midtown tbettinaer@aol.com Alternate dbpowellwc(u@amail.com Warm Sands sharksecret@amail.com Alternate aaron.turker@amail.com -- _ Old Loa Palms The Movie Colony Movie Colony East Midtown wr Bar. to NiatorK Tcnms C lub' Warm Sands'�� - Legend ®See A ®SeeB 5 Mile Site A Radiu s 5 Mife See B Radius TahqubzRtrer btates Parcels Parcels layer F-j -- -- Parxview Mobile Eatatea Deepwell Es