HomeMy WebLinkAbout2006-09-06 PUBLIC COMMENT LAW OFCICES OF
NIELSEN, MERK5AMER,
PARRINELLO, MUELLER & NAYLOR, LLP
MARIN COUNTY 1415 L STREET,SUITE 1200 SAN FRANCISCO
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MILL VALLEY,CALIFORNIA 94941 TELEPHONE (916) 446-6752 SAN FRANCISCO,CALIFORNIA 94104
TELEPHONE(415)389-6800 TELEPHONE(41S)399-6800
FAX(415)3U-6974 FAX (916) 446-6106 FAX(415)38E-5E74
August 23, 2006
RECEIVED
AUG 2 8 ?nofi
To: Californians Against the Taxpayer Trap
From: Cathy A. Christian
Richard D. Martland
Re: Application of Proposition 90 to IIom o0vners'Associations
You have asked whether homeowners' associations would be covered by the regulatory
aspects of Proposition 90. Proposition 90 amends section 19 of California Constitution Article 1.
Proposed section 19 subdivision(b)(8)provides in part:
Except when taken to protect public health and safety, "damage" to private
property includes government actions that result in substantial economic loss to
private property. (Emphasis added)
Proposed section 19, subdivision (b)(10)provides:
For all provisions contained in this section [section 19], government shall be
defined as the State of California, its political subdivisions, agencies, any public
or private agent acting on their behalf,and any public or private entity that has
the power of eminent domain. (Emphasis added.)
A homeowners' association is neither a political subdivision nor an agency of the State of
California nor does it have the power of eminent domain. The issue is whether a homeowners'
association can be considered a"private agent'•acting on behalf of the State of California, its
agencies or political subdivisions.
Although the California Supreme Court has yet to be called on to set forth the nature of a
homeowners' association,the appellate courts have characterized their function as "quasi-
governmental and paralleling in almost every case the powers, duties and responsibilities of a
municipal government." (Cohen v. Kite Fill Community Assn. (1983) 142 Cal.App.3d 642, 651;
Californians Against the Taxpayer Trap
August 23, 2006
Page 2
Chantiles v. Lake Forest II Master Homeowners Assn. (1995) 37 Cal.AppAth 914, 922; Oakland
Raiders v. National Football League (2005) 131 Cal,App.4" 621)
In Cohen v. Kite Hill Community.Association, supra, 142 Cal.App.3d at p. 651 the court,
quoted the following language from a Wake Forest Law Review Article:
The other essential role directly relates to the association's regulatory powers; and
upon analysis of the association's functions, one clearly sees the association as a
quasi-government entity paralleling in almost every case the powers, duties, and
responsibilities of a municipal government.As a'mini-government,'the
association provides to its members,in almost every case,utility services,road
maintenance, street and common area lighting, and refuse removal.In many cases,
it also provides security services and various forms of communication within the
community. There is,moreover, a clear analogy to the municipal police and
public safety functions.—All of these functions are financed through assessments
or taxes levied upon members of the community,with powers vested in the board
of directors,council of co-owners,board of managers, or other similar body
clearly analogous to the governing body of a municipality.
The issue is whether being a quasi-governmental entity"analogous to a municipality"
brings homeowners'associations under the regulatory component of Proposition 90. There is a
reasonable argument that relieving municipalities or counties from the direct regulation of
property within the boundaries of a homeowners' association rises to a private agency acting on
behalf of a political subdivision within the meaning of Section 19(b)(I0). As this is by no means
a frivolous argument,there is a strong likelihood that if Proposition 90 passes, some disgruntled
members of a homeowners' association who believe the value of their home has been adversely
affected by some action of their homeowners' association will find a willing attorney to press
their case. Such an action,it could be argued,is consistent with the findings in Proposition 90.
Initiative section I(c) of Proposition 90 states:
The courts have not required government to pay compensation to property
owners when enacting statutes, charter provisions, ordinances,resolutions,laws,
rule or regulations not related to public health or safety that reduce the value of
property. (Emphasis added.)
Californians Against the Taxpayer Trap
August 23,2006
Page 3
Although homeowners' associations can argue that their rules and regulations are intended
for the express purpose of maintaining the value of homes within the association,that will not
dissuade the homeowner from asserting his or her properly, as well as other properties within the
boundarics of the association, would be more valuable but for some rule or regulation.
In summary, we believe the quasi-governmental nature of homeowners' associations
arguably bring them within the ambit of the regulatory component of Proposition 90 and this
issue will certainly be the subject of litigation should Proposition 90 pass.
Californians Against the Taxpayer Trap Page 1 of 5
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Who Opposes Proposition 90
Resour
Public Safety Groups
California Police Chiefs Association
California Fire Chiefs Association
California State Sheriffs'Association
Windsor Fire Protection District
Education Groups Join our Mai
California School Boards Association Name
Association of California School Administrators
Coalition for Adequate School Housing (C.A S.H.) Email
Small School Districts'Association
Labor Groups
California Labor Federation,AFL-CIO For more inf
California State Council of Laborers
State Building&Construction Trades Council of California
California Teamsters Public Affairs Council
California Apollo Alliance
Business/Economic Interest Groups
California Small Business Association
Small Business Action Committee
California Business Properties Association
California Association of Realtors
California Manufacturers&Technology Association
California Association for Local Economic Development
Hollywood Chamber of Commerce
Ontario Chamber of Commerce
Santa Rosa Chamber of Commerce
Downtown San Diego Partnership
Inland Empire Economic Partnership
Los Angeles Business Council
San Mateo County Association of Realtors
Economic Development Corporation of San Benito County
Taxpayer Groups
California Tax Reform Association
Ventura County Taxpayers Association
http://www-noprop90.com/coalition/index.php 8/30/2006
Californians Against the Taxpayer Trap Page 2 of 5
Financial Services
California Public Securities Association
MuniFinancial
Transportation Groups
Transportation and Land Use Coalition
Ethnic Groups
National Coalition of Hispanic Organizations
California Black Chamber of Commerce
Los Angeles Metropolitan Hispanic Chamber of Commerce
Senior Groups
Gray Panthers California
Agriculture Groups
American Farmland Trust
HomeownerlHousing Groups
League of California Homeowners
Housing California
California Housing Consortium
California Housing Partnership Corporation
Golden State Manufactured-Home Owners League
Golden State Manufactured-Home Owners League, Chapter 9$5
Golden State Manufactured-Home Owners League, Chapter 1420
Golden State Mobilehome Owners League
California Coalition for Rural Housing
Coalition for Economic Survival
Orange County Community Housing Corporation
Coalition of Mobilehome Owners—California
Home Owners Acting Together
Resident Owned Parks, Inc.
San Diego Housing Federation
San Francisco Tenants Union
Oakland Tenants Union
Santa Moniwns for Renters' Rights
Consumer/Public Interest Groups
League of Women Voters of California
Western Center on Law&Poverty
Consumers First
Public Advocates, Inc.
Center on Policy Initiatives
Poverty Matters
Community Groups
San Francisco Human Services Network
Santa Monica Coalition for a Livable City
CHARO Community Development Corporation
Environmental Groups
The Nature Conservancy
California League of Conservation Voters
Audubon California
The Ocean Conservancy
National Wildlife Federation
Natural Resources Defense Council
Sierra Club California
http://,N w.noprop90.cotnl/coalitiotVindex.php 8/30/2006
Californians Against the Taxpayer Trap Page 3 of 5
Center for Environmental Health
California State Parks Foundation
Defenders of Wildlife
Environmental Defense
California Oak Foundation
Planning and Conservation League
Greenbelt Alliance
Endangered Habitats League
California Council of Land Trusts
Steven and Michele Kirsch Foundation
Association of Environmental Professionals
Sierra-Cascade Land Trust Council
Bolsa Chica Land Trust
Bay Area Alliance for Sustainable Communities
Coastal Law Enforcement Action Network-CLEAN
Orange County League of Conservation Voters
' League of Conservation Voters of San Diego
Committee for Green Foothills
Bay Area Open Space Council
Preservation Groups
National Trust for Historic Preservation
Government Groups
League of California Cities
California State Association of Counties
California Redevelopment Association
California Special Districts Association
California Contract Cities Association
Regional Council of Rural Counties
American Planning Association, California Chapter
California Coastal Commission
California Association of Sanitation Agencies
Vandenberg Village Community Service District
Water Groups
Association of California Water Agencies
Los Angeles&San Gabriel Rivers Watershed Council
Orange County Water District
North Marin Water District
Castaic Lake Water Agency
Individuals
Steve Westly, California State Controller
Patricia Wiggins, Former Assemblymember, 7th District
Jane Bender, Mayor, City of Santa Rasa
Deirdre Bennett,Mayor, City of Colton
Bill Bogsard, Mayor, City of Pasadena
Susan A. Bonilla, Mayor, City of Concord
Richard Dixon, Mayor,City of Lake Forest
Heather Fargo, Mayor, City of Sacramento
Donald P. Frettas, Mayor,City of Antioch
Woody Fridae,Mayor, City of Winters
Bill Harris, Mayor, City of Marysville
Jon Harrison, Mayor, City of Redlands
Henry Heams, Mayor, City of Lancaster
Kathy Hicks, Mayor, City of Walnut Creek
Daryl Hofineyer, Mayor, City of Paramount
Anthony J. Intintoli,Jr„ Mayor, City of Vallejo
Bob Jehn, Mayor, City of Cloverdale
http://www.noprop90.corn/coalitioii/index.php 8/30/2006
Californians Against the Taxpayer Trap Page 4 of 5
Marshall Kamena, Mayor, City of Livermore
Linda Koelling, Mayor, City of Foster City
Michael Machi, Mayor,City of Arcata
Art Madrid, Mayor, City of La Mesa
' Barbara Pierce,Mayor, Redwood City
Harry T. Price, Mayor,City of Fairfield
Sedalia Sanders, Mayor, City of El Centro
Ray Siner, Mayor, City of Shasta Lake
' Ray Smith, Mayor, City of Bellflower
Tim Smith,Mayor,City of Rohnert Park
Anne B.Solem, Mayor, City of Mill Valley
Jill Techei, Mayor, City of Napa
Dennis Washburn, Mayor, City of Calabasas
' Robert Wasserman,Mayor, City of Fremont
Shelia Young,Mayor,City of San Leandro
Steven B.Zuckerman, Mayor, City of Rolling Hills Estates
Bea Cones, Mayor Pro Tem, City of Grand Terrace
Dan Kuperberg, Mayor Pro Tem, City of Agoura Hills
Laura Lee, Mayor Pro Tem, City of Cerritos
Penny Lilburn, Mayor Pro Tem,City of Highland
Mary Ann Lutz, Mayor Pro Tem,City of Monrovia
Jeanne E. MacLeamy, Mayor Pro Tem, City of Novato
Duke Martin,Mayor Pro Tem, City of Ridgecrest
John Nunez, Mayor Pro Tem,City of Rosemead
Susan Seamans, Mayor Pro Tem, City of Rolling Hills Estates
Marty Simunoff, Mayor Pro Tem, City of Brea
Jack Batson,Vice Mayor, City of Fairfield
Leon Garcia,Vice Mayor, City of American Canyon
Jack T.Gingles,Vice Mayor,City of Calistoga
Bonnie Hurlhey,Vice Mayor, City of Shasta Lake
Bonnie Lowenthal,Vice Mayor, City of Long Beach
Paul V.Morris,Vice Mayor, City of San Pablo
Kevin B.Sawkins,Vice Mayor, City of San Gabriel
(Diane Dillon, Supervisor-District 3, Napa County
Steve Wilensky,Supervisor-District 2, Calaveras County
John C.Addleman, Councilmember, City of Rolling Hills Estates
Jim Aldinger, Councilmember, City of Manhattan Beach
Candace Andersen,Councilmember,Town of Danville
Dennis J. Baxter, Councilmember,City of San Bernardino
Anita BetanCOUM Councilmember, City of Reedley
Merrilee Boyack, Councilmember, City of Poway
Brian Calhoun, Councilmember, City of Fresno
Robert W. Campbell,Councilmember,City of Vista
Margaret Clark,Counodmember, City of Rosemead
Norma Comnick, Councilmember, City of Anderson
Susan Cullen, Councilmember, City of Bishop
Gene Daniels, Councilmember, City of Paramount
Lorraine Dietrich,Councilmember,City of Livermore
John F. Dunbar, Councilmember, City of Yountville
Carmen Durazo, Councilmember, City of Calexico
James C. Edwards, Councilmember, City of Cerritos
Pat Eklund, Councilmember, City of Novato
Bob Emery, Councilmember, City of Poway
Margaret Finlay,Councilmember, City of Duarte
Alice Fredericks, Councilmember, City of Tiburon
Pam Frisella, Councilmember, City of Foster City
Rae Gabelieh, Councilmember, City of Long Beach
Pat Gilardi, Councilmember, City of Cotati
Dean Gockler, Councilmember, City of Shasta Lake
Carole Groom, Councilmember, City of San Mateo
http://www.noprop90.com/coalitioii/index.php 8/30/2006
Califomians Against the Taxpayer Trap Page 5 of 5
Carol Gross, Councilmember, City of Culver City
Terry Henderson, Councilmember, City of La Quinta
Peter Herzog, Councilmember, City of Lake Forest
Kasie Hildenbrand, Councilmember, City of Dublin
Kay Milard Hosmer, Councilmember, City of Colusa
Teresa Jacobo, Councilmember, City of Bell
Mike Jones, Councilmember, City of Eureka
Gloria A- Kappe, Councilmember, City of Cerritos
Joe Kellejian,Councilmember,City of Solana Beach
William Koehler, Councilmember, City of Agoura Hills
Jim Krider, Councilmember, City of Napa
Patrick Kwok, Councilmember,City of Cupertino
Jim Madaffer,Councilmember,City of San Diego
Linda Maio,Councilmember,City of Berkeley
John R. Mathena,Councilmember, City of Redding
Larry McCallon, Councilmember, City of Highland
Jere Melo, Councilmember, City of Fort Bragg
Phil Monroe, Councilmember, City of Coronado
Lisa A- Moore, Councilmember, City of Cotati
Lynn Morehouse,Councilmember,Town of Windsor
Steven P. Morgan, Councilmember, City of Ridgecrest
Garry Nelson,Councilmember,City of Shafter
Alex Padilla, Councilmember, City of Los Angeles
Toni Parkins, Councilmember, City of Corning
Elizabeth Patterson, Councilmember, City of Benicia
Ana Ventura Phares, Councilmember, City of Watsonville
Cathy L. Prout, Councilmember, City of Shafter
Nancy Pyle, Councilmember, City of San Jose
Janice Rutherford, Councilmember, City of Fontana
Jody Scott, Councilmember, City of Highland
Michael C. Smith, Councilmember, City of Dixon
Cynthia Sterling, Councilmember, City of Fresno
Mary Su,Councilmember,City of Walnut
Jack Tanaka, Councilmember, City of Diamond Bar
Jerry Thorne,Councilmember, City of Pleasanton
Frank A.Tierney, Councilmember, City of Coronado
Pamela Torliatt, Councilmember, City of Petaluma
Steve Tye, Councilmember, City of Diamond Bar
Miguel Ucovich, Councilmember,Town of Loomis
Rita K.Vogler, Councilmember, City of Hesperia
Mark E.Wheetley, Councilmember, City of Arcata
George A.Zika, Councilmember,City of Dublin
Todd Bray, Planning Commissioner, Pacifica
Lynn Osborn,Planning Commissioner,Town of Danville
. -
http://www.noprop90.cotn/cMition/index.php 8/30/2006
'y
Proposition 90
Official ballot title: GovetrtmentAcquisition, Regulation ofPrivate
Property. Initiative ConstitutionaiArrtendment.
This initiative, primarily known as "the Anderson Initiative" after its sponsor,Anita S.
Anderson,deals with the use of eminent domain and regulatory takings, will appear on the
November 2006 ballot.
Indtfir dve Frets at Glance
■ Constitutional amendment would apply to all public agencies and utilities, and all state
and local government property acquisitions.
• Would impact a wide variety of public projects including schools, roads and highways,
dams,levees,and affordable housing.
•Would limit government's ability to adopt certain land use, housing, consumer,
environmental and workplace laws and regulations, except when necessary to preserve
public health or safety.
• The State's Legislative Analyst says the measure would have the following fiscal
impacts:
° Unknown, but potentially significant future costs for state and local governments to
pay damages and/or modify regulatory or other policies to conform to the measure's
• . provisions
Unknown, but potentially significaut changes in governmental costs to acquire
property for public purposes.
If passed by voters, it could only be changed by another initiative.
Ini6'aifve Proylsdans
• Prohibits use of eminent domain unless the property acquired is owned and occupied
by a governmental agency.
• Redefines "just compensation"—Redefines "just compensation" as the sum of money
necessary to place the property owner in the same position monetarily, as if the
property had never been taken. It is unclear what would be included to make the
property owner whole, but presumably things such as lost income, relocation costs, and
more. Redefines "fair market value" as the highest and best use the property would
bring on the open market.
• Changes requirements for property valuation—If a property taken by the government
is to be put to use at a higher value after acquisition, the property owner must be paid
at the fair market value in accordance with the government's use.For example, if a city
uses eminent domain to acquire agricultural land for a municipal airport(from which
the city would receive revenues from commercial leases,for example), then the owner
must be paid fair market value in accordance with the city's use. The owners would be
paid this higher amount regardless of whether or not they could have achieved such a
use under the applicable zoning, and regardless of whether other laws would have
required them to dedicate a portion of the land.
Distributed uy the California Redevelopment Association
(More)
IuitYrtivei"rovisious cupHpued
r • ,Redefines"damage"to include many types of regulatory takings—Redefines
"damage" to include government actions that result in economic loss to private
property, including many zoning practices such as down zoning or height
restrictions,environmental regulations, affordable housing covenants, etc. Requires
compensatory payment of these damages by implementing agency.
Requires blight determinations on a parcel-by-parcel basis—Would require that
blight findings be made on a parcel-by-parcel basis. Current law requires that a
project area be declared blighted before eminent domain can be used, but it does
not require every parcel in the area to be blighted.
i • Voids unpublished eminent domain court decisions--Would annul judgments in
every eminent domain action that does not result in a published appellate opinion.
Currently, most eminent domain decisions are not published because they are
settled in Superior Courts,which never publish decisions. Only appellate decisions
are published and even then they are not published in every case.
• Pending eminent domain proceedings immediately subject to provisions—
Provisions of this initiative would take effect the day following the election and
would apply to any eminent domain proceedings in which no final court judgment
has been obtained. It is unclear how the provisions relating to damages would apply
to regulations in effect at the time of enactment.
Distributed by the California Redevelopment Association